Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related cartilage degenerative disease, and chondrocyte senescence has been extensively studied in recent years. Increased numbers of senescent chondrocytes are found in OA cartilage. Selective clearance of senescent chondrocytes in a post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) mouse model ameliorated OA development, while intraarticular injection of senescent cells induced mouse OA. However, the means and extent to which senescence affects OA remain unclear. Here, we review the latent mechanism of senescence in OA and propose potential therapeutic methods to target OA-related senescence, with an emphasis on immunotherapies. Natural killer (NK) cells participate in the elimination of senescent cells in multiple organs. A relatively comprehensive discussion is presented in that section. Risk factors for OA are ageing, obesity, metabolic disorders and mechanical overload. Determining the relationship between known risk factors and senescence will help elucidate OA pathogenesis and identify optimal treatments.

中文翻译：

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骨关节炎的衰老：从机制到潜在治疗

骨关节炎（OA）是一种与年龄相关的软骨退行性疾病，近年来对软骨细胞衰老进行了广泛的研究。在 OA 软骨中发现了数量增加的衰老软骨细胞。在创伤后骨关节炎 (PTOA) 小鼠模型中选择性清除衰老软骨细胞可改善 OA 发展，而关节内注射衰老细胞可诱导小鼠 OA。然而，衰老影响 OA 的方式和程度仍不清楚。在这里，我们回顾了 OA 中衰老的潜在机制，并提出了针对 OA 相关衰老的潜在治疗方法，重点是免疫疗法。自然杀伤 (NK) 细胞参与消除多个器官中的衰老细胞。该部分提供了相对全面的讨论。OA 的危险因素是衰老、肥胖、代谢紊乱和机械超负荷。确定已知风险因素与衰老之间的关系将有助于阐明 OA 的发病机制并确定最佳治疗方法。