Background

The extravillous trophoblast expresses each of the nonclassical major histocompatibility complex class I antigens—human leukocyte antigens E, F, and G—and a single classical class I antigen, human leukocyte antigen C. We recently demonstrated dynamic expression patterns of human leukocyte antigens C, G, and F during early extravillous trophoblast invasion and placentation.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that the immune inflammatory mediated complications of pregnancy such as early preeclampsia and preterm labor may show altered expression profiles of nonclassical human leukocyte antigens.

Study Design

Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and immunohistochemistry were performed on placental villous tissues and basal plate sections from term nonlaboring deliveries, preterm deliveries, and severe early-onset preeclampsia, both with and without small-for-gestational-age neonates.

Results

Human leukocyte antigen G is strongly and exclusively expressed by the extravillous trophoblast within the placental basal plate, and its levels increase in pregnancies complicated by severe early-onset preeclampsia with small-for-gestational-age neonates relative to those of healthy term controls. Human leukocyte antigen C shows a similar profile in the extravillous trophoblast of preeclamptic pregnancies, but significantly decreases in the villous placenta. Human leukocyte antigen F protein levels are decreased in both extravillous trophoblast and villous placenta of severe early-onset preeclamptic pregnancies, both with and without small-for-gestational-age neonates, compared with those found in term and preterm birth deliveries. Human leukocyte antigen E decreases in blood vessels in placentas from preeclamptic pregnancies relative to its levels in term and preterm birth deliveries. Placental levels of human leukocyte antigens F and C are increased in cases of preterm birth with chorioamnionitis relative to those of cases of idiopathic preterm birth.

Conclusion

Dysregulation of placental human leukocyte antigen expression at the maternal–fetal interface may contribute to compromised maternal tolerance in preterm birth with chorioamnionitis and excessive maternal systemic inflammation associated with severe early-onset preeclampsia.

中文翻译：

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人类白细胞抗原 HLA-C、HLA-G、HLA-F 和 HLA-E 胎盘谱在早期严重先兆子痫和早产绒毛膜羊膜炎中发生改变

 背景

绒毛外滋养层表达每种非经典主要组织相容性复合物 I 类抗原（人白细胞抗原 E、F 和 G）以及单一经典 I 类抗原（人白细胞抗原 C）。我们最近证明了人白细胞抗原 C 的动态表达模式， G和F在早期绒毛外滋养层侵袭和胎盘形成过程中。

 客观的

本研究旨在探讨免疫炎症介导的妊娠并发症（如早期先兆子痫和早产）可能显示非经典人类白细胞抗原表达谱改变的假设。

 学习规划

对足月非临产、早产和严重早发先兆子痫（有或没有小于胎龄儿的新生儿）的胎盘绒毛组织和基底板切片进行实时定量聚合酶链反应、蛋白质印迹和免疫组织化学分析。

 结果

人白细胞抗原G由胎盘基底板内的绒毛外滋养层强烈且专门地表达，并且相对于健康足月新生儿，其水平在合并严重早发先兆子痫的小于胎龄新生儿的妊娠中升高。人类白细胞抗原 C 在先兆子痫妊娠的绒毛外滋养层中表现出相似的特征，但在绒毛胎盘中显着降低。与足月和早产儿相比，严重早发性先兆子痫妊娠（无论是否有小于胎龄新生儿）的绒毛外滋养层和绒毛胎盘中的人类白细胞抗原 F 蛋白水平均降低。相对于足月和早产分娩时的水平，先兆子痫妊娠胎盘血管中的人类白细胞抗原 E 降低。与特发性早产病例相比，伴有绒毛膜羊膜炎的早产病例胎盘中人类白细胞抗原 F 和 C 的水平升高。

 结论

母胎界面胎盘人类白细胞抗原表达的失调可能会导致早产绒毛膜羊膜炎的母体耐受性受损，以及与严重早发性先兆子痫相关的过度母体全身炎症。