Long-term unsustainable patterns of development rather than recent deforestation caused the emergence of Orthocoronavirinae species,Environmental Microbiology

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Long-term unsustainable patterns of development rather than recent deforestation caused the emergence of Orthocoronavirinae species
Environmental Microbiology ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2022-07-20 , DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16121
Sérvio P Ribeiro ₁ , Debmalya Barh _{2,

3} , Bruno Silva Andrade ₄ , Raner José Santana Silva _{5,

6} , Diogo Henrique Costa-Rezende ₇ , Paula Luize Camargos Fonseca ₈ , Sandeep Tiwari ₃ , Marta Giovanetti _{9,

10} , Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara _{9,

10} , Vasco Ariston Azevedo ₃ , Preetam Ghosh ₁₁ , José Alexandre F Diniz-Filho ₁₂ , Rafael Loyola _{12,

13} , Maria Fernanda Brito de Almeida _{1,

14} , Aristóteles Góes-Neto ₁₅

Affiliation

Laboratório de Ecologia do Adoecimento & Florestas NUPEB/ICEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Centre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Purba Medinipur, West Bengal, India.
Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Laboratório de Bioinformática e Química Computacional, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Jequié, Bahia, Brazil.
Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGGBM), Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica (PPGBot), Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil.
Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
Fundação Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Computacional de Fungos, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

We investigated whether a set of phylogeographical tracked emergent events of Orthocoronavirinae were related to developed, urban and polluted environments worldwide. We explored coronavirus records in response to climate (rainfall parameters), population density, CO₂ emission, Human Developmental Index (HDI) and deforestation. We contrasted environmental characteristics from regions with spillovers or encounters of wild Orthocoronavirinae against adjacent areas having best-preserved conditions. We used all complete sequenced CoVs genomes deposited in NCBI and GISAID databases until January 2021. Except for Deltacoronavirus, concentrated in Hong Kong and in birds, the other three genera were scattered all over the planet, beyond the original distribution of the subfamily, and found in humans, mammals, fishes and birds, wild or domestic. Spillovers and presence in wild animals were only reported in developed/densely populated places. We found significantly more occurrences reported in places with higher HDI, CO₂ emission, or population density, along with more rainfall and more accentuated seasonality. Orthocoronavirinae occurred in areas with significantly higher human populations, CO₂ emissions and deforestation rates than in adjacent locations. Intermediately disturbed ecosystems seemed more vulnerable for Orthocoronavirinae emergence than forested regions in frontiers of deforestation. Sadly, people experiencing poverty in an intensely consumerist society are the most vulnerable.

更新日期：2022-07-20

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