当前位置: X-MOL 学术Ecology › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Quantifying mechanisms of coexistence in disease ecology
Ecology ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-07-20 , DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3819
Andrew J Sieben 1, 2 , Joseph R Mihaljevic 3 , Lauren G Shoemaker 1
Affiliation  

Pathogen coexistence depends on ecological processes operating at both within and between-host scales, making it difficult to quantify which processes may promote or prevent coexistence. Here, we propose that adapting modern coexistence theory—traditionally applied in plant communities—to pathogen systems provides an exciting approach for examining mechanisms of coexistence operating across different spatial scales. We first overview modern coexistence theory and its mechanistic decomposition; we subsequently adapt the framework to quantify how spatial variation in pathogen density, host resources and immunity, and their interaction may promote pathogen coexistence. We apply this derivation to an example two pathogen, multiscale model comparing two scenarios with generalist and strain-specific immunity: one with demographic equivalency among pathogens and one with demographic trade-offs among pathogens. We then show how host–pathogen feedbacks generate spatial heterogeneity that promote pathogen coexistence and decompose those mechanisms to quantify how each spatial heterogeneity contributes to that coexistence. Specifically, coexistence of demographically equivalent pathogens occurs due to spatial variation in host resources, immune responses, and pathogen aggregation. With a competition–colonization trade-off, the superior colonizer requires spatial heterogeneity to coexist, whereas the superior competitor does not. Finally, we suggest ways forward for linking theory and empirical tests of coexistence in disease systems.

中文翻译:

疾病生态学共存的量化机制

病原体共存取决于在宿主内部和宿主之间运行的生态过程,因此很难量化哪些过程可能促进或阻止共存。在这里,我们建议将传统上应用于植物群落的现代共存理论应用于病原体系统,为检查跨不同空间尺度的共存机制提供了一种令人兴奋的方法。我们首先概述了现代共存理论及其机制分解;我们随后调整该框架以量化病原体密度、宿主资源和免疫力的空间变化及其相互作用如何促进病原体共存。我们将此推导应用于示例两个病原体、多尺度模型,比较具有通才免疫和菌株特异性免疫的两种情况:一种在病原体之间具有人口统计等效性,一种在病原体之间具有人口统计权衡。然后,我们展示宿主-病原体反馈如何产生促进病原体共存的空间异质性,并分解这些机制以量化每种空间异质性如何促成这种共存。具体而言,由于宿主资源、免疫反应和病原体聚集的空间变化,会出现人口统计等效病原体的共存。通过竞争-殖民权衡,优势殖民者需要空间异质性共存,而优势竞争者则不需要。最后,我们提出了将疾病系统共存的理论和实证检验联系起来的方法。然后,我们展示宿主-病原体反馈如何产生促进病原体共存的空间异质性,并分解这些机制以量化每种空间异质性如何促成这种共存。具体而言,由于宿主资源、免疫反应和病原体聚集的空间变化,会出现人口统计等效病原体的共存。通过竞争-殖民权衡,优势殖民者需要空间异质性共存,而优势竞争者则不需要。最后,我们提出了将疾病系统共存的理论和实证检验联系起来的方法。然后,我们展示宿主-病原体反馈如何产生促进病原体共存的空间异质性,并分解这些机制以量化每种空间异质性如何促成这种共存。具体而言,由于宿主资源、免疫反应和病原体聚集的空间变化,会出现人口统计等效病原体的共存。通过竞争-殖民权衡,优势殖民者需要空间异质性共存,而优势竞争者则不需要。最后,我们提出了将疾病系统共存的理论和实证检验联系起来的方法。由于宿主资源、免疫反应和病原体聚集的空间变化,人口统计等效病原体的共存发生。通过竞争-殖民权衡,优势殖民者需要空间异质性共存,而优势竞争者则不需要。最后,我们提出了将疾病系统共存的理论和实证检验联系起来的方法。由于宿主资源、免疫反应和病原体聚集的空间变化,人口统计等效病原体的共存发生。通过竞争-殖民权衡,优势殖民者需要空间异质性共存,而优势竞争者则不需要。最后,我们提出了将疾病系统共存的理论和实证检验联系起来的方法。
更新日期:2022-07-20
down
wechat
bug