Over the past decade, nanotechnology has been developed and employed across various entities. Among the numerous nanostructured material types, enzyme-incorporated nanomaterials have shown great potential in various fields, as an alternative to biologically derived as well as synthetically developed hybrid structures. The mechanism of incorporating enzyme onto a nanostructure depends on several factors including the method of immobilization, type of nanomaterial, as well as operational and environmental conditions. The prospects of enzyme-incorporated nanomaterials have shown promising results across various applications, such as biocatalysts, biosensors, drug therapy, and wastewater treatment. This is due to their excellent ability to exhibit chemical and physical properties such as high surface-to-volume ratio, recovery and/or reusability rates, sensitivity, response scale, and stable catalytic activity across wide operating conditions. In this review, the evolution of enzyme-incorporated nanomaterials along with their impact on our society due to its state-of-the-art properties, and its significance across different industrial applications are discussed. In addition, the weakness and future prospects of enzyme-incorporated nanomaterials were also discussed to guide scientists for futuristic research and development in this field.

中文翻译：

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酶掺入纳米材料的最新进展：合成、机械形成和应用


在过去的十年中，纳米技术已经在各个实体中得到开发和应用。在众多的纳米结构材料类型中，酶掺入的纳米材料作为生物衍生以及合成开发的混合结构的替代品在各个领域显示出巨大的潜力。将酶结合到纳米结构上的机制取决于几个因素，包括固定方法、纳米材料的类型以及操作和环境条件。酶纳米材料的前景在生物催化剂、生物传感器、药物治疗和废水处理等各种应用中都显示出了有希望的结果。这是由于它们具有优异的化学和物理特性，例如高表面积与体积比、回收率和/或可重复使用率、灵敏度、响应范围以及在广泛的操作条件下稳定的催化活性。在这篇综述中，讨论了酶纳米材料的演变及其由于其最先进的特性而对我们社会的影响，以及它在不同工业应用中的重要性。此外，还讨论了酶掺入纳米材料的弱点和未来前景，以指导科学家在该领域的未来研究和开发。