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Estimating sediment transport diffusion coefficients from reconstructed rifted margin architecture: measurements in the Ogooué and Zambezi deltas
Basin Research ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2022-07-19 , DOI: 10.1111/bre.12696
Brendan Simon 1 , Cécile Robin 2 , Delphine Rouby 1 , Jean Braun 3 , François Guillocheau 2
Affiliation  

Diffusion-based stratigraphic models are widely used to simulate sedimentary systems and margin deltas. Diffusion-based models assume that the topographic evolution primarily depends from its slope. Limited attention has however been given to the calibration of the transport coefficients. Here, we evaluate transport coefficient values from natural examples, the Ogooué and Zambezi rifted margin deltas over the last 5 to 12 Ma respectively. We developed a method to estimate transport coefficients based on high resolution seismic stratigraphy analysis of the stratigraphic architecture of these deltas. For each stratigraphic sequence, we calibrated the sand/shale ratios of the deposits, we restored their depositional slopes, we estimated their uncompacted accumulated volumes and we calculated the transport coefficient (Kd) from the sediment flux/slope ratio. Estimated values of Kd fall within one order of magnitude (×0.1 km2/ka), a much narrower range than previously published values (×0.0001 to ×100 km2/ka). We show that the diffusion approximation is optimal at 10–100 km scale and 0.5–1 Ma time resolution, independently of the stratigraphic context. We show that the diffusion assumption is appropriate for the formation of the clinoforms (mainly gravity driven). It is however not optimal for the shelf and distal domains where additional processes (e.g., wave, flood, hemipelagic, turbidites, oceanic current), not accounted for it the diffusion assumption, significantly impact sediment transport. We documented a significant increase of Kd values after 0.9 Ma, coeval of an increase in the amplitude of eustatic variations at this time indicating that the calibration of Kd from present day sedimentary systems might not be optimal for simulations of sedimentary systems before the last million years.

中文翻译:

从重建的裂谷边缘结构中估算沉积物传输扩散系数:Ogooué 和赞比西河三角洲的测量

基于扩散的地层模型被广泛用于模拟沉积系统和边缘三角洲。基于扩散的模型假设地形演化主要取决于其坡度。然而,对传输系数的校准给予了有限的关注。在这里,我们评估了来自自然实例的传输系数值,分别是过去 5 至 12 Ma 的 Ogooué 和赞比西裂谷边缘三角洲。我们开发了一种基于这些三角洲地层结构的高分辨率地震地层学分析来估算传输系数的方法。对于每个地层序列,我们校准了沉积物的砂/页岩比率,我们恢复了它们的沉积斜率,我们估计了它们未压实的累积体积,我们计算了传输系数(Kd ) 来自沉积物通量/坡度比。K d的估计值在一个数量级 (×0.1 km 2 /ka) 内,比先前公布的值 (×0.0001 至 ×100 km 2 /ka)的范围小得多。我们表明,扩散近似在 10-100 公里尺度和 0.5-1 Ma 时间分辨率下是最佳的,与地层背景无关。我们表明扩散假设适用于斜坡的形成(主要是重力驱动)。然而,它对于陆架和远端区域来说并不是最佳的,其中额外的过程(例如,波浪、洪水、半远洋、浊积岩、洋流)没有考虑扩散假设,显着影响沉积物运输。我们记录了K的显着增加0.9 Ma 之后的d值,此时海平面上升变化幅度增加的同时期,表明当今沉积系统的K d校准对于模拟上百万年之前的沉积系统可能不是最佳的。
更新日期:2022-07-19
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