Objective We aimed to quantify the female athlete composition of the research data informing the most influential consensus and position statements in treating sports-related concussions. Design We identified the most influential concussion consensus and position statements through citation and documented clinician use; then, we analysed the percentage of male and female athletes from each statement’s cited research. Data sources We searched PubMed on 26 August 2021 with no date restrictions for English language studies using the terms ‘concussion position statement’ and ‘concussion consensus statement.’ Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Based on each statement having multiple statement editions, documented clinician use, and substantial citation advantages, we selected the National Athletic Trainers’ Association (NATA, 2014), International Conference on Concussion in Sport (ICCS, 2017) and the American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM, 2019). We extracted all cited studies from all three papers for assessment. For each paper analysing human data, at least two authors independently recorded female athlete participant data. Results A total of 171 distinct studies with human participants were cited by these three consensus and position papers and included in the female athlete analyses (93 NATA; 13 ICCS; 65 AMSSM). All three statements documented a significant under-representation of female athletes in their cited literature, relying on samples that were overall 80.1% male (NATA: 79.9%, ICCS: 87.8 %, AMSSM: 79.4%). Moreover, 40.4% of these studies include no female participants at all. Conclusion Female athletes are significantly under-represented in the studies guiding clinical care for sport-related concussion for a broad array of sports and exercise medicine clinicians. We recommend intentional recruitment and funding of gender diverse participants in concussion studies, suggest authorship teams reflect diverse perspectives, and encourage consensus statements note when cited data under-represent non-male athletes.

中文翻译：

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女性运动员在有影响力的脑震荡共识和立场声明研究中的代表性不足：证据审查和综合


目的 我们的目的是量化研究数据中女运动员的构成，以提供治疗运动相关脑震荡方面最有影响力的共识和立场声明。设计 我们通过引用和记录的临床医生使用情况确定了最具影响力的脑震荡共识和立场声明；然后，我们分析了每个声明引用的研究中男性和女性运动员的百分比。数据来源 我们于 2021 年 8 月 26 日使用术语“脑震荡立场声明”和“脑震荡共识声明”搜索了 PubMed，对英语语言研究没有日期限制。选择研究的资格标准 根据每个声明都有多个声明版本、有记录的临床医生使用情况以及大量的引用优势，我们选择了国家运动训练师协会（NATA，2014）、国际运动脑震荡会议（ICCS，2017）和美国运动医学医学会（AMSSM，2019）。我们从所有三篇论文中提取了所有引用的研究进行评估。对于每篇分析人类数据的论文，至少有两名作者独立记录了女运动员参与者的数据。结果 这三份共识和立场文件引用了总共 171 项针对人类参与者的不同研究，并将其纳入女运动员分析中（93 项 NATA；13 项 ICCS；65 项 AMSSM）。所有三项声明都记录了其引用的文献中女性运动员的代表性严重不足，因为样本中男性运动员总体占 80.1%（NATA：79.9%，ICCS：87.8%，AMSSM：79.4%）。此外，40.4% 的研究根本没有女性参与者。 结论 在为广大运动和运动医学临床医生指导运动相关脑震荡临床护理的研究中，女性运动员的代表性明显不足。我们建议在脑震荡研究中有意招募和资助性别多样化的参与者，建议作者团队反映不同的观点，并鼓励在引用的数据不足以代表非男性运动员时注明共识声明。