The present comprehensive multidisciplinary geophysical study provides new insights into the structural architecture and tectonic development of the Brazilian Equatorial Margin during the transform opening of the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean. The study integrates magnetic, gravity, and seismic data and adds to the knowledge of the prebreakup geotectonic setting of West Gondwana, shedding light on the role of the Precambrian heritage in the crustal compartmentalization of the Equatorial Atlantic margins into divergent and transform segments. Additionally, we improved previous evolution models of the Brazilian Equatorial Margin, considering the nature of the crustal domains and processes related to the initial breakup of West Gondwana. Our geophysical datasets reveal that the Brazilian Equatorial Margin encompasses two crustal domains with distinct internal architecture and thermomechanical parameters divided by the Transbrasiliano Lineament. The western crustal block is composed of a thicker and older lithosphere, which acted as an obstacle to continental rupture. The resulting breakup occurred further north, while the crustal block east of the Transbrasiliano Lineament disrupted relatively further south. Two different rift systems thinned both crustal domains during a former rift phase before the subsequent and ultimate rift phase broke up the continental crust and initiated seafloor spreading under a transform regime. After the breakup between the South American and African continents, dextral strike-slip movements along oceanic fracture zones divided the Brazilian Equatorial Margin into divergent and transform segments, whose inner and outer intersections are identified in the present study. The marginal ridges represent basement uplifts separated from the continental hinterland by pull-apart basins deformed by negative structure-like flower structures. The prebreakup Precambrian structures played a key role in margin segmentation, behaving as crustal weakness zones and nucleating transform faults at the boundaries of the divergent margin segments.

目前的综合多学科地球物理研究为赤道大西洋转换开放期间巴西赤道边缘的结构构造和构造发展提供了新的见解。该研究整合了磁、重力和地震数据，并增加了对西冈瓦纳断裂前大地构造背景的认识，阐明了前寒武纪遗产在地壳划分将赤道大西洋边缘划分为发散和转换段。此外，考虑到与西冈瓦纳初始解体相关的地壳域和过程的性质，我们改进了巴西赤道边缘的先前演化模型。我们的地球物理数据集显示，巴西赤道边缘包含两个具有不同内部结构和热机械参数的地壳域，除以 Transbrasiliano 线。西部地壳块由更厚和更古老的岩石圈组成，它是大陆破裂的障碍。由此产生的破裂发生在更北的地方，而 Transbrasiliano Lineament 以东的地壳块则相对更南地破裂。大陆地壳和在转换机制下开始的海底扩张。南美洲和非洲大陆分裂后，沿大洋断裂带的右旋走滑运动将巴西赤道边缘划分为发散和转换段，本研究确定了其内部和外部交叉点。边缘脊代表基底隆起与大陆腹地被拉开盆地分开，这些盆地被负结构状花状结构变形。裂解前的前寒武纪构造在边缘分割中发挥了关键作用，表现为地壳薄弱带，并在发散边缘段的边界成核转换断层。