Purpose Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is common in infants with a low-birth-weight (LBW) and has been suggested to cause major impairment not only of future motor development but also of cognitive function and learning ability. The purpose of the present study is to assess the frequency of IVH using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in LBW infants and its clinical neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Methods We enrolled a consecutive series of 247 neonates with an LBW of < 1,500 g hospitalized in the newborn intensive care unit between 2010 and 2015. The presence of IVH was examined using T2* MRI at term-equivalent age (TEA). We then investigated the clinical outcome at ≥3 years of age and its correlation with the IVH grade.

Results The overall incidence of IVH among LBW infants was 16.2%. The proportion of infants with IVH showing a favorable outcome did not differ significantly from that of infants without IVH. The proportion of neonates showing a poor outcome was 6.7% for those with IVH and 1.9% for those without IVH and 2.7% for those with and without IVH combined.

Conclusion We were able to clarify the frequency of IVH in LBW infants using MRI at TEA. We demonstrated the lower incidence of mortality and IVH, the higher incidence of a favorable outcome, and the lower incidence of poor outcome.

目的 脑室内出血 (IVH) 在低出生体重 (LBW) 婴儿中很常见，并且已被认为不仅会严重损害未来的运动发育，还会损害认知功能和学习能力。本研究的目的是使用磁共振成像 (MRI) 评估 LBW 婴儿的 IVH 频率及其临床神经发育结果。

方法 我们在 2010 年至 2015 年期间连续招募了 247 名在新生儿重症监护病房住院的 LBW < 1,500 g 的新生儿。在足月等效年龄 (TEA) 下使用 T2* MRI 检查是否存在 IVH。然后，我们调查了≥3 岁的临床结果及其与 IVH 等级的相关性。

结果 LBW婴儿IVH总发生率为16.2%。显示良好结果的IVH婴儿比例与没有IVH婴儿的比例没有显着差异。有 IVH 的新生儿显示不良结果的比例为 6.7%，无 IVH 的为 1.9%，有和无 IVH 的新生儿的比例为 2.7%。

结论 我们能够在 TEA 中使用 MRI 来阐明 LBW 婴儿中 IVH 的频率。我们证明了死亡率和 IVH 的发生率较低，良好结果的发生率较高，不良结果的发生率较低。