Technological advances in ocular trabecular meshwork in vitro models for glaucoma research,Biotechnology and Bioengineering

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Technological advances in ocular trabecular meshwork in vitro models for glaucoma research
Biotechnology and Bioengineering ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2022-07-14 , DOI: 10.1002/bit.28182
Maria Bikuna-Izagirre _{1,

2} , Javier Aldazabal _{1,

2} , Leire Extramiana ₃ , Javier Moreno-Montañés ₃ , Elena Carnero ₃ , Jacobo Paredes _{1,

2}

Affiliation

Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide and is characterized by the progressive degeneration of the optic nerve. Intraocular pressure (IOP), which is considered to be the main risk factor for glaucoma development, builds up in response to the resistance (resistance to what?) provided by the trabecular meshwork (TM) to aqueous humor (AH) outflow. Although the TM and its relationship to AH outflow have remained at the forefront of scientific interest, researchers remain uncertain regarding which mechanisms drive the deterioration of the TM. Current tissue-engineering fabrication techniques have come up with promising approaches to successfully recreate the TM. Nonetheless, more accurate models are needed to understand the factors that make glaucoma arise. In this review, we provide a chronological evaluation of the technological milestones that have taken place in the field of glaucoma research, and we conduct a comprehensive comparison of available TM fabrication technologies. Additionally, we also discuss AH perfusion platforms, since they are essential for the validation of these scaffolds, as well as pressure–outflow relationship studies and the discovery of new IOP-reduction therapies.

中文翻译：

用于青光眼研究的眼小梁网体外模型的技术进展

青光眼是全世界不可逆性失明的主要原因，其特征是视神经进行性退化。眼内压 (IOP) 被认为是青光眼发生的主要危险因素，它的升高是由于小梁网 (TM) 对房水 (AH) 流出的阻力（对什么的阻力？）。尽管 TM 及其与 AH 流出的关系仍然处于科学兴趣的前沿，但研究人员仍不确定哪些机制导致 TM 恶化。当前的组织工程制造技术已经提出了成功重建 TM 的有前途的方法。尽管如此，需要更准确的模型来了解导致青光眼发生的因素。在这篇综述中，我们对青光眼研究领域发生的技术里程碑进行了按时间顺序的评估，并对现有的 TM 制造技术进行了全面的比较。此外，我们还讨论了 AH 灌注平台，因为它们对于验证这些支架以及压力-流出关系研究和新的眼压降低疗法的发现至关重要。

更新日期：2022-07-14

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