We explore a novel mechanism to restrict TeV-scale leptoquark interactions and render the proton exactly stable to all orders in the effective field theory expansion. A scalar condensate breaks a lepton-flavoured $\mathrm{U}{(1)}_X$ gauge symmetry in the ultraviolet and generates neutrino masses, leaving a discrete ${\mathbb{Z}}_9$ or ${\mathbb{Z}}_{18}$ gauge symmetry in the infrared, forbidding $\mathrm{\Delta }B=1$ processes. This provides an elegant framework to address the flavour anomalies and can be adapted to many other new-physics models. The $\mathrm{U}{(1)}_X$ can emerge from a gauge–flavour unified $\mathrm{SU}(12)\times \mathrm{SU}(2)\times \mathrm{SU}(2)$ theory at even higher energies.

中文翻译：

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具有完全稳定质子的轻夸克

我们探索了一种新的机制来限制 TeV 尺度的轻夸克相互作用，并使质子在有效场论扩展中对所有阶都完全稳定。标量冷凝物打破轻子风味$\mathrm{ü}{(1)}_X$在紫外线中测量对称性并产生中微子质量，留下离散的${\mathbb{Z}}_9$或者${\mathbb{Z}}_{18}$红外中的规范对称性，令人生畏$\mathrm{\Delta }乙=1$过程。这提供了一个优雅的框架来解决风味异常，并且可以适应许多其他新物理模型。这$\mathrm{ü}{(1)}_X$可以从一个规格 - 味道统一出现$\mathrm{苏}(12)\times \mathrm{苏}(2)\times \mathrm{苏}(2)$更高能量的理论。