External high-pressure air can still flow from the partly scratched or blocked surface of porous aerostatic bearings to form lubrication film. Hence, studying the effect of surface damages on the performances of porous aerostatic bearings systematically is essential. In this study, a novel whole-region porous model is proposed. The clearance is considered as the virtual porous material disc and will be coupled with the original porous material disc. The damages change the partial shape and permeability of two discs based on this model. Numerical results show that the damages decreased the local pressure in the bearing clearance evidently. It determines the load capacity of the damaged bearings being smaller than that of the non-damaged bearings. Moreover, the blockage decreases the load capacity more significantly. The influence of the damages on stiffness is complicated. However, the damages decrease the stiffness as a whole. Moreover, the influence of the damages becomes more significant with the increase in the size of the damages and the decrease in the original porous disc thickness and permeability. Lastly, the damaged and non-damaged bearings are manufactured and tested experimentally. The experimental results of pressure distribution and load capacity obtained agree with the predictions greatly. Numerical and experimental results prove that the surface damages have significant influence on the bearing performances, but the surface damaged bearings can still offer effective levitation force. The results presented in this study can assess the availability of the damaged bearings and offer the advices for designing bearings with diminishing the influence of the damages on the bearing performance.

外部高压空气仍然可以从多孔空气静压轴承部分划伤或堵塞的表面流出，形成润滑膜。因此，系统地研究表面损伤对多孔空气静压轴承性能的影响至关重要。在这项研究中，提出了一种新的全区域多孔模型。该间隙被视为虚拟多孔材料盘，并将与原始多孔材料盘耦合。基于该模型，损伤改变了两个圆盘的局部形状和渗透性。数值结果表明，损伤明显降低了轴承间隙的局部压力。它决定了损坏轴承的负载能力小于未损坏轴承的负载能力。此外，堵塞更显着地降低了负载能力。损伤对刚度的影响是复杂的。然而，损伤会降低整体的刚度。此外，随着损伤尺寸的增加和原始多孔盘厚度和渗透率的降低，损伤的影响变得更加显着。最后，制造损坏和未损坏的轴承并进行实验测试。得到的压力分布和承载能力的实验结果与预测结果非常吻合。数值和实验结果证明，表面损伤对轴承性能有显着影响，但表面损伤轴承仍能提供有效的悬浮力。