Ions can say a lot about a baby’s health. High levels of chloride in sweat can indicate cystic fibrosis (CF), a disorder that causes respiratory and digestive problems; abnormal sodium levels are signs of increased risk for seizure or muscle problems; and too-high or too-low potassium concentrations can cause heart arrhythmias or other muscle issues. These ions—commonly called electrolytes— are also important throughout life. For instance, too much or too little sodium can lead to confusion, seizures, and muscle weakness or cramping.

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离子可以透露很多关于婴儿健康的信息。汗液中氯化物含量高可能表明囊性纤维化（CF），这是一种导致呼吸和消化问题的疾病；钠含量异常是癫痫或肌肉问题风险增加的迹象；钾浓度过高或过低都会导致心律失常或其他肌肉问题。这些离子（通常称为电解质）在整个生命过程中也很重要。例如，钠过多或过少都会导致意识混乱、癫痫发作、肌肉无力或痉挛。