ABSTRACT

The conservation of modern architectural heritage in seismic contexts must consider the analysis of more complex pathological processes than those traditionally associated with reinforced concrete deterioration. The behaviour of 21 school buildings built in Chile between 1937 and 1965 was comparatively analysed using the pathological diagnosis method. The documentation, in-situ observation, and measurements with non-destructive testing show that mechanical damages are more severe than physical–chemical damages. The levels and classification of deterioration are affected by accumulated damage due to the property's age and the characteristics of the architectural and structural design, which evolve from models of resistance by rigidity to flexible behaviour, which have lower levels of damages. In turn, the physical–chemical damage in the envelopes will depend mainly on the construction quality of the enclosures and the maintenance processes, rather than on the variation of the period's designs. An adequate pathological diagnosis of this architectural heritage allows the generation of appropriate conservation action guidelines to prolong the durability of these heritage works.

摘要

在地震背景下保护现代建筑遗产必须考虑分析比传统上与钢筋混凝土退化相关的更复杂的病理过程。使用病理诊断方法对 1937 年至 1965 年间在智利建造的 21 所学校建筑的行为进行了比较分析。文件、现场观察和无损检测测量表明，机械损伤比物理化学损伤更严重。恶化的程度和分类受到财产年限和建筑和结构设计特征造成的累积损害的影响，这些特性从刚性抵抗模型演变为具有较低损害水平的柔性行为。反过来，围护结构的物理化学破坏将主要取决于围护结构的施工质量和维护过程，而不是取决于时期设计的变化。对该建筑遗产进行充分的病理诊断可以制定适当的保护行动指南，以延长这些遗产作品的耐久性。