Hierarchical and periodic nanostructures of dielectrics or metals are highly demanded for wide applications in optical, electrical, biological, and quantum devices. In this work, programmable plasmonic–photonic hierarchical nanostructures are fabricated using a facile and effective method with high controllability and stable reproducibility. The fabrication involves colloidal self-assembly, metal film deposition, and pulsed laser-induced dewetting in sequence for controllably pairing metal nanostructures on dielectric nanospheres in either large area or a local precision. Au nanostructures including Au nanocrown (AuNC), large Au nanosphere (AuNS), and multiple small Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been paired one-on-one on assembled SiO2 nanosphere (SiO2NS) arrays, with size and shape controlled by correlating the laser fluence and irradiation time, and the Au film thickness. The fabricated hierarchical nanostructures demonstrate synergistic effect of the photonic effects from the monolayer SiO2NS arrays and the surface plasma resonance effect from the Au nanostructures. The dewetting induced metal film reshaping has been modeled theoretically corresponding to observed experimental results. We can directly “write” the plasmonic Au nanostructures on the photonic crystal array using a focused laser beam to form encode patterns, showing angle-dependent structural colors for anti-counterfeiting information storage and display in rigid/flexible and opaque/transparent devices. It provides a promising path to actively construct on-demand pixelated plasmonic–photonic arrays for optical multiplexing technology in sensing, information encryption, and display.

中文翻译：

---

通过激光诱导薄膜去湿的可编程分级等离子体-光子阵列

电介质或金属的分层和周期性纳米结构在光学、电学、生物和量子器件中的广泛应用中是非常需要的。在这项工作中，可编程等离子体-光子分级纳米结构是使用一种简便有效的方法制造的，具有高可控性和稳定的可重复性。该制造包括胶体自组装、金属膜沉积和脉冲激光诱导的去湿，用于在大面积或局部精度的介电纳米球上可控地配对金属纳米结构。包括金纳米冠 (AuNC)、大金纳米球 (AuNS) 和多个小金纳米粒子 (AuNP) 在内的金纳米结构已在组装的 SiO2 上一对一配对2纳米球（SiO2NS）阵列，其尺寸和形状通过关联激光能量密度和照射时间以及金膜厚度来控制。制造的分层纳米结构证明了单层SiO 光子效应的协同效应2NS 阵列和来自 Au 纳米结构的表面等离子体共振效应。已根据观察到的实验结果在理论上对去湿引起的金属膜重塑进行了建模。我们可以使用聚焦的激光束直接在光子晶体阵列上“写入”等离子体金纳米结构以形成编码图案，显示出与角度相关的结构颜色，用于防伪信息存储和显示在刚性/柔性和不透明/透明设备中。它为主动构建用于传感、信息加密和显示中的光复用技术的按需像素化等离子体-光子阵列提供了一条有希望的途径。