Steels, titanium-, nickel-based superalloys, composites, and ceramics are materials commonly used in automotive, aerospace, mechanical engineering, and other industries. These materials have increased strength and heat-resistant properties, and that is why they are considered difficult to cut materials. These materials require particular approaches to advance the effectiveness of machining processes. This review article shows for the first time comprehensively of recent advanced efficient methods for enhancing the machining of hard-to-cut materials, namely for turning, milling, drilling, grinding, and other methods. Various methods of increasing the efficiency and machinability are considered, taking into account the thermal phenomena of the machining process and a directed change in temperature (decrease or increase) of individual sections of the surface of a tool or workpiece. The method of increasing tool life such as the use of new grades of tool materials and improvement of the design of the cutting tool, the use of various cooling methods, such as dry, conventional cooling system, high-pressure cooling (HPC), minimum quantity of lubricant (MQL), cryogenic lubrication (CL), improving the cutting tool wear resistance by hard coating, tool surface texturing, implementation of machining methods, among them vibration-assisted machining, thermally assisted machining, hybrid machining process were considered in this work. The influence of these methods on cutting forces, surface roughness, chip morphology, tool life and wear mode, temperature, environmental influences are shown. In the end, this article shows the advantages and disadvantages of using various methods of increasing machining hard-to-cut materials and outlines the development prospects.

钢、钛基、镍基高温合金、复合材料和陶瓷是汽车、航空航天、机械工程和其他行业常用的材料。这些材料具有更高的强度和耐热性能，这就是为什么它们被认为是难以切割的材料。这些材料需要特殊的方法来提高加工过程的有效性。这篇评论文章首次全面展示了最近先进的高效方法来增强难切削材料的加工，即车削、铣削、钻孔、磨削和其他方法。考虑了各种提高效率和可加工性的方法，考虑到加工过程的热现象和工具或工件表面各个部分的温度直接变化（降低或升高）。增加刀具寿命的方法，例如使用新等级的刀具材料和改进刀具设计，使用各种冷却方法，例如干式、常规冷却系统、高压冷却 (HPC)、最小润滑剂用量（MQL）、低温润滑（CL）、通过硬涂层提高刀具耐磨性、刀具表面纹理化、加工方法的实施，其中考虑了振动辅助加工、热辅助加工、混合加工工艺工作。这些方法对切削力、表面粗糙度、切屑形态、刀具寿命和磨损模式的影响，显示温度、环境影响。最后，本文展示了使用各种方法增加加工难切削材料的优缺点，并概述了发展前景。