Background

Over one-third of the U.S. population is exposed to unsafe levels of ozone (O₃). Dietary supplementation with fish oil (FO) or olive oil (OO) has shown protection against other air pollutants. This study evaluates potential cardiopulmonary benefits of FO or OO supplementation against acute O₃ exposure in young healthy adults.

Methods

Forty-three participants (26 ± 4 years old; 47% female) were randomized to receive 3 g/day of FO, 3 g/day OO, or no supplementation (CTL) for 4 weeks prior to undergoing 2-hour exposures to filtered air and 300 ppb O₃ with intermittent exercise on two consecutive days. Outcome measurements included spirometry, sputum neutrophil percentage, blood markers of inflammation, tissue injury and coagulation, vascular function, and heart rate variability. The effects of dietary supplementation and O₃ on these outcomes were evaluated with linear mixed-effect models.

Results

Compared with filtered air, O₃ exposure decreased FVC, FEV₁, and FEV₁/FVC immediately post exposure regardless of supplementation status. Relative to that in the CTL group, the lung function response to O₃ exposure in the FO group was blunted, as evidenced by O₃-induced decreases in FEV₁ (Normalized CTL −0.40 ± 0.34 L, Normalized FO −0.21 ± 0.27 L) and FEV₁/FVC (Normalized CTL −4.67 ± 5.0 %, Normalized FO −1.4 ± 3.18 %) values that were on average 48% and 70% smaller, respectively. Inflammatory responses measured in the sputum immediately post O₃ exposure were not different among the three supplementation groups. Systolic blood pressure elevations 20-h post O₃ exposure were blunted by OO supplementation.

Conclusion

FO supplementation appears to offer protective effects against lung function decrements caused by acute O₃ exposure in healthy adults.

中文翻译：

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鱼油可减缓年轻健康成年人因急性暴露于臭氧而引起的肺功能下降：一项随机试验

背景

超过三分之一的美国人口暴露于不安全水平的臭氧 (O ₃ ) 中。膳食补充剂鱼油 (FO) 或橄榄油 (O​​O) 已显示出针对其他空气污染物的保护作用。本研究评估了补充 FO 或 OO 对抗年轻健康成年人急性 O ₃暴露的潜在心肺益处。

方法

43 名参与者（26 ± 4 岁；47% 女性）被随机分配接受 3 克/天 FO、3 克/天 OO 或不补充 (CTL) 4 周，然后进行 2 小时暴露于过滤后的环境中。空气和 300 ppb O ₃并连续两天进行间歇性运动。结果测量包括肺活量测定、痰中性粒细胞百分比、炎症血液标记物、组织损伤和凝血、血管功能和心率变异性。使用线性混合效应模型评估膳食补充剂和 O ₃对这些结果的影响。

结果

与过滤空气相比，无论补充状态如何， O ₃暴露都会在暴露后立即降低 FVC、FEV ₁和 FEV _{1 /FVC。相对于 CTL 组，FO 组对 O 3}暴露的肺功能反应减弱，O _{3诱导的 FEV 1}降低证明了这一点（标准化 CTL -0.40 ± 0.34 L，标准化 FO -0.21 ± 0.27 L） ）和 FEV ₁ /FVC（标准化 CTL -4.67 ± 5.0 %，标准化 FO -1.4 ± 3.18 %）值分别平均小 48% 和 70%。_{在接触 O 3}后立即在痰中测量的炎症反应在三个补充组之间没有差异。补充 OO 可以抑制接触O ₃后 20 小时的收缩压升高。

结论

FO 补充剂似乎对健康成人因急性 O ₃暴露引起的肺功能下降具有保护作用。