In this study, the network structure of bentonite was characterized systematically in deionized water and salt water containing calcium ions. It was found that the stability of bentonite network structure firstly increased and then gradually decreased, as the concentration of calcium ions increased from 0 to 1.0 mol/L. Cryo-SEM observed that bentonite platelets formed in three-dimensional E-F mode in deionized water, which were developed into E-E association and then much denser and more compact aggregates, with increasing the concentration of calcium ions. Meanwhile, the size of the bentonite network structure increased firstly and then slightly decreased. Based on these characterizations, the evolution modes of bentonite network structure with increasing the concentration of Ca²⁺ was proposed, which could be selected and used as a guideline to control clay minerals in flotation.

本研究在去离子水和含钙离子的盐水中系统地表征了膨润土的网络结构。发现随着钙离子浓度从0增加到1.0 mol/L，膨润土网络结构的稳定性先升高后逐渐降低。Cryo-SEM 观察到膨润土片晶在去离子水中以三维 EF 模式形成，随着钙离子浓度的增加，膨润土片晶发展为 EE 缔合体，然后形成更致密、更致密的聚集体。同时膨润土网状结构尺寸先增大后小幅减小。基于这些特征，膨润土网络结构的演化模式随着Ca ^{2+浓度的增加}提出，可作为浮选粘土矿物控制的指导方针。