Research has examined racial socialization practices within families of color, but less is known regarding what White parents teach their children about race and/or racism. To explore White racial socialization processes, we interviewed 30 White parents of White children ages 7–17 years living in the Midwest. Using thematic analysis, we identified 22 themes organized into four domains: Content of conversations, factors to consider in socialization, developmental differences, and White identity/privilege. A majority of parents reported conversations about current or historic racial events, while relatively few also reported speaking specifically about systemic racism and microaggressions. Parents viewed adolescents as better able to handle difficult topics than children. Findings contribute to theoretical frameworks and may inform the development of educational resources.

中文翻译：

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白人父母教年轻人关于种族的什么？白人种族社会化的定性考察

研究已经检查了有色人种家庭中的种族社会化做法，但对于白人父母教他们的孩子关于种族和/或种族主义的内容知之甚少。为了探索白人种族社会化过程，我们采访了居住在中西部的 30 位 7-17 岁白人儿童的白人父母。通过主题分析，我们确定了 22 个主题，分为四个领域：对话内容、社会化中要考虑的因素、发展差异和白人身份/特权。大多数父母报告了有关当前或历史种族事件的对话，而相对较少的父母还报告了专门谈论系统性种族主义和微攻击的话题。父母认为青少年比儿童更能处理困难的话题。