Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by proteinuria, hyperlipidemia, and edema. The annual incidence of nephrotic syndrome is 2–7 cases/100,000 children. The present study included 32 control, 32 steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome cases, and 32 steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome cases aged ≤ 17 years. Serum samples were handled to check serum albumin, creatinine, calcium, and total cholesterol in SSNS and SRNS. Pearson’s correlation test was performed to investigate the relationship between the parameters. The independent sample t-test was done to compare the mean differences between two parameters by SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). We found a significant positive correlation in SSNS in serum albumin, creatinine, calcium, and total cholesterol. In SRNS, we did not find a correlation between serum calcium and total cholesterol. The combination of serum albumin, creatinine, and total cholesterol with serum calcium improves the diagnostic sensitivity of SSNS and SRNS. Thus, serum calcium may be used as an equivalent marker in the early diagnosis and treatment of nephrotic syndrome in children.

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肾病综合征患者血清钙与生化指标的关系：病例对照研究

肾病综合征的特点是蛋白尿、高脂血症和水肿。肾病综合征的年发病率为2-7例/10万儿童。本研究包括 32 例对照、32 例激素敏感性肾病综合征病例和 32 例年龄≤17 岁的激素抵抗肾病综合征病例。处理血清样本以检查 SSNS 和 SRNS 中的血清白蛋白、肌酐、钙和总胆固醇。进行 Pearson 相关性检验以研究参数之间的关系。进行独立样本 t 检验以通过 SPSS（社会科学统计软件包）比较两个参数之间的平均差异。我们发现 SSNS 与血清白蛋白、肌酐、钙和总胆固醇呈显着正相关。在 SRNS 中，我们没有发现血清钙和总胆固醇之间存在相关性。血清白蛋白、肌酐和总胆固醇与血清钙的结合提高了 SSNS 和 SRNS 的诊断敏感性。因此，血清钙可作为儿童肾病综合征早期诊断和治疗的等效标志物。