The globalizability of temporal discounting,Nature Human Behaviour

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The globalizability of temporal discounting
Nature Human Behaviour ( IF 21.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-07-11 , DOI: 10.1038/s41562-022-01392-w
Kai Ruggeri _{1,

2} , Amma Panin ₃ , Milica Vdovic ₄ , Bojana Većkalov ₅ , Nazeer Abdul-Salaam ₁ , Jascha Achterberg _{6,

7} , Carla Akil ₈ , Jolly Amatya ₉ , Kanchan Amatya ₁₀ , Thomas Lind Andersen ₁₁ , Sibele D Aquino _{12,

13} , Arjoon Arunasalam ₁₄ , Sarah Ashcroft-Jones ₁₅ , Adrian Dahl Askelund _{16,

17} , Nélida Ayacaxli ₁ , Aseman Bagheri Sheshdeh ₁₈ , Alexander Bailey ₁₄ , Paula Barea Arroyo ₁₉ , Genaro Basulto Mejía ₂₀ , Martina Benvenuti ₂₁ , Mari Louise Berge ₂₂ , Aliya Bermaganbet ₂₃ , Katherine Bibilouri _{1,

24} , Ludvig Daae Bjørndal ₁₇ , Sabrina Black ₂₅ , Johanna K Blomster Lyshol ₂₆ , Tymofii Brik ₂₇ , Eike Kofi Buabang ₂₈ , Matthias Burghart ₂₉ , Aslı Bursalıoğlu ₃₀ , Naos Mesfin Buzayu ₃₁ , Martin Čadek ₃₂ , Nathalia Melo de Carvalho _{12,

33} , Ana-Maria Cazan ₃₄ , Melis Çetinçelik ₃₅ , Valentino E Chai ₃₆ , Patricia Chen ₃₆ , Shiyi Chen ₃₇ , Georgia Clay ₃₈ , Simone D'Ambrogio ₁₅ , Kaja Damnjanović ₃₉ , Grace Duffy ₁₄ , Tatianna Dugue ₁ , Twinkle Dwarkanath ₁ , Esther Awazzi Envuladu ₄₀ , Nikola Erceg ₄₁ , Celia Esteban-Serna ₁₉ , Eman Farahat _{42,

43} , R A Farrokhnia ₁ , Mareyba Fawad ₁ , Muhammad Fedryansyah ₄₄ , David Feng _{1,

45} , Silvia Filippi ₄₆ , Matías A Fonollá ₁₈ , René Freichel ₅ , Lucia Freira ₄₇ , Maja Friedemann ₁₅ , Ziwei Gao ₁₉ , Suwen Ge ₁ , Sandra J Geiger ₄₈ , Leya George ₁₉ , Iulia Grabovski ₃₄ , Aleksandra Gracheva _{1,

24} , Anastasia Gracheva _{1,

49} , Ali Hajian ₅₀ , Nida Hasan _{1,

24} , Marlene Hecht _{51,

52} , Xinyi Hong ₅₃ , Barbora Hubená ₅₄ , Alexander Gustav Fredriksen Ikonomeas ₁₇ , Sandra Ilić ₃₉ , David Izydorczyk ₅₅ , Lea Jakob _{56,

57} , Margo Janssens ₅₈ , Hannes Jarke ₆ , Ondřej Kácha _{6,

59} , Kalina Nikolova Kalinova ₆₀ , Forget Mingiri Kapingura ₆₁ , Ralitsa Karakasheva ₆₂ , David Oliver Kasdan ₆₃ , Emmanuel Kemel ₆₄ , Peggah Khorrami ₆₅ , Jakub M Krawiec ₆₆ , Nato Lagidze ₁ , Aleksandra Lazarević ₃₉ , Aleksandra Lazić ₃₉ , Hyung Seo Lee ₆₇ , Žan Lep ₆₈ , Samuel Lins ₆₉ , Ingvild Sandø Lofthus ₁₇ , Lucía Macchia ₇₀ , Salomé Mamede ₆₉ , Metasebiya Ayele Mamo ₃₁ , Laura Maratkyzy ₇₁ , Silvana Mareva ₆ , Shivika Marwaha ₇₂ , Lucy McGill ₇₃ , Sharon McParland ₁₄ , Anișoara Melnic ₃₄ , Sebastian A Meyer _{74,

75} , Szymon Mizak ₆₆ , Amina Mohammed ₇₆ , Aizhan Mukhyshbayeva ₇₇ , Joaquin Navajas _{47,

78} , Dragana Neshevska ₇₉ , Shehrbano Jamali Niazi ₈₀ , Ana Elsa Nieto Nieves ₈₁ , Franziska Nippold ₅ , Julia Oberschulte ₈₂ , Thiago Otto ₁ , Riinu Pae ₁₉ , Tsvetelina Panchelieva ₈₃ , Sun Young Park ₁ , Daria Stefania Pascu ₄₆ , Irena Pavlović ₃₉ , Marija B Petrović ₃₉ , Dora Popović ₈₄ , Gerhard M Prinz ₈₅ , Nikolay R Rachev ₈₆ , Pika Ranc ₆₈ , Josip Razum ₈₄ , Christina Eun Rho ₁ , Leonore Riitsalu ₈₇ , Federica Rocca ₁₄ , R Shayna Rosenbaum _{88,

89} , James Rujimora ₉₀ , Binahayati Rusyidi ₄₄ , Charlotte Rutherford ₆ , Rand Said ₁₄ , Inés Sanguino ₁₅ , Ahmet Kerem Sarikaya ₁ , Nicolas Say ₉₁ , Jakob Schuck ₄₈ , Mary Shiels ₁₄ , Yarden Shir ₉₂ , Elisabeth D C Sievert ₉₃ , Irina Soboleva ₃₁ , Tina Solomonia ₉₄ , Siddhant Soni ₉₅ , Irem Soysal _{1,

15} , Federica Stablum _{6,

96} , Felicia T A Sundström ₉₇ , Xintong Tang ₁ , Felice Tavera ₉₈ , Jacqueline Taylor ₁ , Anna-Lena Tebbe ₉₉ , Katrine Krabbe Thommesen ₁₀₀ , Juliette Tobias-Webb ₁₀₁ , Anna Louise Todsen ₂₅ , Filippo Toscano ₄₆ , Tran Tran ₉₅ , Jason Trinh ₁ , Alice Turati _{1,

24} , Kohei Ueda ₁₀₂ , Martina Vacondio ₁₀₃ , Volodymyr Vakhitov ₂₇ , Adrianna J Valencia _{1,

90} , Chiara Van Reyn ₂₈ , Tina A G Venema ₁₀₄ , Sanne E Verra ₁₀₅ , Jáchym Vintr _{56,

59} , Marek A Vranka ₅₆ , Lisa Wagner ₁₀₆ , Xue Wu ₁₀₂ , Ke Ying Xing ₁₀₇ , Kailin Xu ₁₄ , Sonya Xu _{1,

6} , Yuki Yamada ₁₀₂ , Aleksandra Yosifova ₁₀₈ , Zorana Zupan ₃₉ , Eduardo García-Garzon ₁₀₉

Affiliation

Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Centre for Business Research, Judge Business School, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
UC Louvain, Louvain, Belgium.
Faculty of Media and Communications, Belgrade, Serbia.
University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, UK.
American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
UN Major Group for Children and Youth (UNMGCY), Kathmandu, Nepal.
United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), Kathmandu, Nepal.
PPR Svendborg, Svendborg, Denmark.
Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Laboratory of Research in Social Psychology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Nic Waals Institute, Oslo, Norway.
University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
St. Lawrence University, Canton, NY, USA.
University College London, London, UK.
Centro de Investigación y Docencias Económicas, Ciudad de México, México.
University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Unaffiliated, Budapest, Hungary.
Workforce Development Center, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
Sciences Po, Paris, France.
University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
Oslo New University College, Oslo, Norway.
Kyiv School of Economics, Kyiv, Ukraine.
KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China.
Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK.
Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Transilvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania.
Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria.
University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
International Socioeconomics Laboratory, New York, NY, USA.
Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.
London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.
University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Universidad Torcuato Di Tella, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.
Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Unaffiliated, Prague, Czech Republic.
University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.
Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.
Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands.
Green Dock, Hostivice, Czech Republic.
Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa.
Unaffiliated, London, UK.
Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
GREGHEC, CNRS, HEC Paris, Jouy en Josas, France.
Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland.
Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Harvard Kennedy School, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Fundación Paraguaya, Asunción, Paraguay.
Colmena, Asunción, Paraguay.
Gombe State University, Gombe, Nigeria.
University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, North Macedonia.
McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
IPHS-Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Ivo Pilar Institute of Social Sciences, Zagreb, Croatia.
Bezirkskrankenhaus Straubing, Straubing, Germany.
Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria.
University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
Prague University of Economics and Business, Prague, Czech Republic.
Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Helmut Schmidt University, Hamburg, Germany.
Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.
Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Kaplan Business School, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
University of Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Austria.
Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
New Bulgarian University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Universidad Camilo José Cela, Madrid, Spain.

Economic inequality is associated with preferences for smaller, immediate gains over larger, delayed ones. Such temporal discounting may feed into rising global inequality, yet it is unclear whether it is a function of choice preferences or norms, or rather the absence of sufficient resources for immediate needs. It is also not clear whether these reflect true differences in choice patterns between income groups. We tested temporal discounting and five intertemporal choice anomalies using local currencies and value standards in 61 countries (N = 13,629). Across a diverse sample, we found consistent, robust rates of choice anomalies. Lower-income groups were not significantly different, but economic inequality and broader financial circumstances were clearly correlated with population choice patterns.

中文翻译：

时间贴现的全球化

经济不平等与人们偏好较小的、即时的收益而不是较大的、延迟的收益有关。这种时间贴现可能会导致全球不平等加剧，但尚不清楚这是否是选择偏好或规范的函数，或者更确切地说是缺乏足够的资源来满足眼前的需求。目前还不清楚这些是否反映了收入群体之间选择模式的真正差异。我们使用 61 个国家的当地货币和价值标准测试了时间贴现和五种跨期选择异常 ( N = 13,629)。在不同的样本中，我们发现了一致、稳健的选择异常率。低收入群体没有显着差异，但经济不平等和更广泛的金融环境与人口选择模式明显相关。

更新日期：2022-07-12

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