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Temporal resource partitioning and stochastic colonization explain the co-occurrence of gall-inducing insects in the super-host plant Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. (Fabaceae)
Austral Ecology ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2022-07-10 , DOI: 10.1111/aec.13222 Stella Henrique de Carvalho‐Sposito 1, 2 , Maria Virginia Urso‐Guimarães 3 , Fernando Rodrigues da Silva 2
Austral Ecology ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2022-07-10 , DOI: 10.1111/aec.13222 Stella Henrique de Carvalho‐Sposito 1, 2 , Maria Virginia Urso‐Guimarães 3 , Fernando Rodrigues da Silva 2
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Gall-inducing insects exhibit elevated levels of oviposition and host specificity. An interesting pattern within the interaction between gall-inducing insects and host plants is the fact that some species of plants, called super-hosts, harbour several species of gall-inducing insects. However, little is known about the mechanisms influencing the coexistence of gall-inducing insects in super-host plants. Here, we tested the mechanisms that allow the coexistence of multiple gall-inducing insects associated with Copaifera langsdorffii Desf., a super-host tropical tree. Specifically, we tested three non-exclusive hypotheses: (i) Spatial niche partitioning: gall-inducing species will inhabit distinct organs in the same plant; (ii) temporal niche partitioning: gall-inducing insects occupy the host plant in different months, and (iii) local-regional relationship: regional richness will be high, while local richness will be low, indicating high turnover (i.e. β-diversity) of insects among individuals of the super-host plant. We found no evidence that gall-inducing insects are inhabiting distinct organs in the same host plant or that they are occurring in different vertical or horizontal strata. Furthermore, the incidence of other gall-inducing insects has little effect on whether a given focal species is also found in the host plant. In contrast, gall-inducing insects showed temporal resource partitioning with species occurring in two different periods. We also found a low α-diversity with individuals of C. langisdorffii harbouring different gall species composition. Our results show that the temporal resource partitioning and the high β-diversity among host plants are the main factors explaining the high number of gall-inducing insects associated with C. langisdorffii.
更新日期：2022-07-10
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