The WHI (Women’s Health Initiative) enrolled 161,808 racially and ethnically diverse postmenopausal women, ages 50-79 years, from 1993 to 1998 at 40 clinical centers across the United States. In its clinical trial component, WHI evaluated 3 randomized interventions (menopausal hormone therapy; diet modification; and calcium/vitamin D supplementation) for the primary prevention of major chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, in older women. In the WHI observational study, numerous clinical, behavioral, and social factors have been evaluated as predictors of incident chronic disease and mortality. Although the original interventions have been completed, the WHI data and biomarker resources continue to be leveraged and expanded through ancillary studies to yield novel insights regarding cardiovascular disease prevention and healthy aging in women.

1993 年至 1998 年间，WHI（妇女健康倡议）在美国 40 个临床中心招募了 161,808 名年龄在 50 至 79 岁之间的不同种族和民族的绝经后妇女。在其临床试验部分，WHI 评估了 3 种随机干预措施（更年期激素治疗、饮食调整和钙/维生素 D 补充），用于老年女性主要慢性疾病（包括心血管疾病）的一级预防。在 WHI 观察性研究中，许多临床、行为和社会因素已被评估为慢性疾病和死亡率的预测因素。尽管最初的干预措施已经完成，但 WHI 数据和生物标志物资源继续通过辅助研究得到利用和扩展，以产生有关女性心血管疾病预防和健康老龄化的新见解。