The influence of micro-Ca/In alloying on the microstructural characteristics, electrochemical behaviors and discharge properties of extruded dilute Mg-0.5Bi-0.5Sn-based (wt.%) alloys as anodes for Mg-air batteries are evaluated. The grain size and texture intensity of the Mg-Bi-Sn-based alloys are significantly decreased after the Ca/In alloying, particularly for the In-containing alloy. Note that, in addition to nanoscale MgBi phase, a new microscale MgBiCa phase forms in the Ca-containing alloy. The electrochemical test results demonstrate that Ca/In micro-alloying can enhance the electrochemical activity. Using In to alloy the Mg-Bi-Sn-based alloy is effective in restricting the cathodic hydrogen evolution (CHE) kinetics, leading to a low self-corrosion rate, while severe CHE occurred after Ca alloying. The micro-alloying of Ca/In to Mg-Bi-Sn-based alloy strongly deteriorates the compactness of discharge products film and mitigates the “chunk effect” (CE), hence the cell voltage, anodic efficiency as well as discharge capacity are greatly improved. The In-containing alloy exhibits outstanding discharge performance under the combined effect of the modified microstructure and discharge products, thus making it a potential anode material for primary Mg-air battery.

中文翻译：

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微钙/In合金化在调节镁空气电池负极稀镁-铋-锡基合金的微观结构特征和放电性能中的作用

评估了微Ca/In合金化对作为镁空气电池负极的挤压稀Mg-0.5Bi-0.5Sn基（wt.%）合金的显微结构特征、电化学行为和放电性能的影响。 Ca/In合金化后，Mg-Bi-Sn基合金的晶粒尺寸和织构强度显着降低，尤其是含In合金。值得注意的是，除了纳米级 MgBi 相之外，含 Ca 合金中还形成了新的微米级 MgBiCa 相。电化学测试结果表明Ca/In微合金化可以增强电化学活性。使用In合金化Mg-Bi-Sn基合金可以有效限制阴极析氢（CHE）动力学，导致自腐蚀速率较低，而Ca合金化后会发生严重的CHE。 Ca/In对Mg-Bi-Sn基合金的微合金化严重恶化了放电产物膜的致密性并减轻了“块效应”（CE），因此电池电压、阳极效率以及放电容量都大大提高改善了。该含In合金在微观结构改性和放电产物的共同作用下表现出优异的放电性能，使其成为一次镁空气电池的潜在负极材料。