Background and Hypothesis Individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-p) are less fit than nonclinical peers and show hippocampal abnormalities that relate to clinical symptoms. Exercise generates hippocampal neurogenesis that may ameliorate these hippocampal abnormalities and related cognitive/clinical symptoms. This study examines the impact of exercise on deficits in fitness, cognitive deficits, attenuated psychotic symptoms, hippocampal volumes, and hippocampal connectivity in individuals at CHR-p. Study Design In a randomized controlled trial, 32 individuals at CHR-p participated in either an exercise (n = 17) or waitlist (no exercise) (n = 15) condition. All participants were sedentary at use and absent of current antipsychotic medication, psychosis diagnoses, or a substance use disorder. The participants completed a series of fitness, cognitive tasks, clinical assessments, and an MRI session preintervention and postintervention. The exercise intervention included a high-intensity interval exercise (80% of VO2max) with 1-minute high-intensity intervals (95% of VO2max) every 10 minutes) protocol twice a week over 3 months. Study Results The exercise intervention was well tolerated (83.78% retention; 81.25% completion). The exercising CHR-p group showed that improved fitness (pre/post-d = 0.53), increased in cognitive performance (pre/post-d = 0.49), decrease in positive symptoms (pre/post-d = 1.12) compared with the waitlist group. Exercising individuals showed stable hippocampal volumes; waitlist CHR-p individuals showed 3.57% decreased hippocampal subfield volume. Exercising individuals showed that increased exercise-related hippocampal connectivity compared to the waitlist individuals. Conclusions The exercise intervention had excellent adherence, and there were clear signs of mechanism engagement. Taken together, evidence suggests that high-intensity exercise can be a beneficial therapeutic tool in the psychosis risk period.

中文翻译：

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对临床精神病高危人群进行运动干预：对健康、症状、海马体积和功能连接的益处

背景和假设 临床精神病高危人群 (CHR-p) 的健康状况低于非临床同龄人，并表现出与临床症状相关的海马异常。运动会产生海马神经发生，可能会改善这些海马异常和相关的认知/临床症状。本研究探讨了运动对 CHR-p 个体的健康缺陷、认知缺陷、精神病症状减轻、海马体积和海马连接的影响。研究设计 在一项随机对照试验中，CHR-p 的 32 名个人参加了锻炼 (n = 17) 或候补名单（无锻炼）(n = 15) 条件。所有参与者在使用时都是久坐的，并且没有当前的抗精神病药物、精神病诊断或物质使用障碍。参与者完成了一系列健身、认知任务、临床评估以及干预前后的 MRI 会议。运动干预包括高强度间歇运动（最大摄氧量的 80%）和每 10 分钟一次 1 分钟的高强度间歇运动（最大摄氧量的 95%），每周两次，持续 3 个月。研究结果 运动干预的耐受性良好（83.78% 保留；81.25% 完成）。与对照组相比，锻炼 CHR-p 组的健康状况得到改善（d 前/d 后 = 0.53），认知能力提高（d 前/d 后 = 0.49），阳性症状减少（d 前/d 后 = 1.12）。候补名单组。锻炼者的海马体积稳定；候补 CHR-p 个体的海马亚区体积减少了 3.57%。与等待名单上的个体相比，锻炼的个体显示出与运动相关的海马连接性增加。结论运动干预依从性良好，机制参与迹象明显。综上所述，有证据表明，高强度运动可以成为精神病风险期的有益治疗工具。