In order to explore the long-time evolution of the high-temperature superconducting (HTS) maglev levitation force (LF), this paper uses the self-developed HTS dynamic maglev measurement device to conduct a long-time dynamic experiment. Limited by the experimental conditions, further working conditions are conducted based on the dynamic simulation model which is constructed based on COMSOL Multiphysics by using the magnetic field intensity H method and the basic electromagnetic formula of superconductors. The accuracy of the simulation model is verified by 9.5 h of experiment. Based on the simulation model, the LF change and levitation height decay of HTS maglev under the vehicle vibration excitation for a long time are explored. Firstly, considering the self-oscillation frequency of HTS maglev, a comparison of the different working conditions from 0.5 Hz to 10 Hz shows that there is no direct relationship between the LF and frequency in the self-oscillation frequency range. Secondly, a 30 days operation under 0.1 Hz external excitation is calculated to simulate long-time evolution and regularity of HTS maglev, which shows the LF decay has a logarithmic decay regularity with time. Furthermore, to investigate the influencing factors and improve the LF decay, the preload method was carried out. The work can provide a predictive model and data reference for the long-time performance of the HTS maglev engineering vehicle.

为探索高温超导（HTS）磁悬浮力（LF）的长期演化过程，本文利用自主研发的HTS动态磁悬浮测量装置进行了长时间动态实验。受限于实验条件，基于 COMSOL Multiphysics 构建的动态仿真模型，利用磁场强度H方法和超导体的基本电磁公式。通过9.5 h的实验验证了仿真模型的准确性。基于仿真模型，研究了长时间车辆振动激励下高温超导磁悬浮的低频变化和悬浮高度衰减。首先，考虑高温超导磁悬浮的自激频率，对比0.5Hz到10Hz的不同工况，表明自激频率范围内LF与频率没有直接关系。其次，计算了0.1 Hz外激励下运行30天，模拟了HTS磁悬浮的长期演化规律，表明LF衰减随时间呈对数衰减规律。此外，为了研究影响因素并改善 LF 衰减，进行了预加载方法。该工作可为高温超导磁浮工程车辆的长期性能提供预测模型和数据参考。