We identify and quantify the impact of subways on equalising academic achievement in an urban school choice setting. Specifically, we study the short- and medium-term effects of a massive subway network expansion in Chile on the academic achievement gap between low- and high-performing students. Estimates are derived using fixed-effects models. Closer proximity to the subway network is associated with the equalisation of academic achievements. In the medium-term (3 years after the opening of the subway stations), the gap between low- and high-achievers decreased by 5% of a standard deviation.

中文翻译：

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过境、学业成就和平等化：地铁扩建的证据

我们确定并量化了地铁对城市学校选择环境中学业成绩均等的影响。具体来说，我们研究了智利大规模地铁网络扩张对低成绩和高成绩学生之间学业成绩差距的短期和中期影响。估计值是使用固定效应模型得出的。更靠近地铁网络与学术成就的均等化有关。在中期内（地铁站开通后 3 年），低成就者和高成就者之间的差距缩小了 5% 的标准差。