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Race, rituximab, and relapse in TTP.
Blood ( IF 21.0 ) Pub Date : 2022-09-22 , DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022016640
Shruti Chaturvedi 1 , Ana G Antun 2 , Andrew M Farland 3 , Ryan Woods 3 , Ara Metjian 4 , Yara A Park 5 , Gustaaf de Ridder 5, 6 , Briana Gibson 5, 7 , Raj S Kasthuri 8 , Darla K Liles 9 , Frank Akwaa 10 , Todd Clover 11 , Lisa Baumann Kreuziger 12, 13 , J Evan Sadler 14 , Meera Sridharan 15 , Ronald S Go 15 , Keith R McCrae 16 , Harsh Vardhan Upreti 1, 17 , Angela Liu 1 , Ming Y Lim 18 , Radhika Gangaraju 19 , X Long Zheng 20 , Jay S Raval 21 , Camila Masias 22 , Spero R Cataland 23 , Andrew Johnson 24 , Elizabeth Davis 25 , Michael D Evans 26 , Marshall A Mazepa 25 ,
Affiliation  

Immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) is characterized by recurring episodes of thrombotic microangiopathy, causing ischemic organ impairment. Black patients are overrepresented in iTTP cohorts in the United States, but racial disparities in iTTP outcome and response to therapy have not been studied. Using the United States Thrombotic Microangiopathies Consortium iTTP Registry, we evaluated the impact of race on mortality and relapse-free survival (RFS) in confirmed iTTP in the United States from 1995 to 2020. We separately examined the impact of rituximab therapy and presentation with newly diagnosed (de novo) or relapsed iTTP on RFS by race. A total of 645 participants with 1308 iTTP episodes were available for analysis. Acute iTTP mortality did not differ by race. When all episodes of iTTP were included, Black race was associated with shorter RFS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.60; 95% CI, 1.16-2.21); the addition of rituximab to corticosteroids improved RFS in White (HR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.18-0.73) but not Black patients (HR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.71-1.31). In de novo iTTP, rituximab delayed relapse, but Black patients had shorter RFS than White patients, regardless of treatment. In relapsed iTTP, rituximab significantly improved RFS in White but not Black patients. Race affects overall relapse risk and response to rituximab in iTTP. Black patients may require closer monitoring, earlier retreatment, and alternative immunosuppression after rituximab treatment. How race, racism, and social determinants of health contribute to the disparity in relapse risk in iTTP deserves further study.

中文翻译:

TTP 中的种族、利妥昔单抗和复发。

免疫介导的血栓性血小板减少性紫癜(iTTP)的特点是血栓性微血管病反复发作,导致缺血性器官损伤。在美国,黑人患者在 iTTP 队列中所占比例过高,但尚未研究 iTTP 结果和治疗反应的种族差异。利用美国血栓性微血管病联盟 iTTP 登记处,我们评估了 1995 年至 2020 年美国确诊 iTTP 中种族对死亡率和无复发生存期 (RFS) 的影响。我们分别检查了利妥昔单抗治疗的影响以及新的治疗方案按种族在 RFS 上诊断(从头)或复发的 iTTP。共有 645 名参与者的 1308 次 iTTP 事件可供分析。急性 iTTP 死亡率没有因种族而异。当包括 iTTP 的所有发作时,黑人种族与较短的 RFS 相关(风险比 [HR],1.60;95% CI,1.16-2.21);在皮质类固醇中添加利妥昔单抗可改善白人患者的 RFS(HR,0.37;95% CI,0.18-0.73),但不能改善黑人患者的 RFS(HR,0.96;95% CI,0.71-1.31)。在 de novo iTTP 中,利妥昔单抗延迟了复发,但无论采用何种治疗,黑人患者的 RFS 都比白人患者短。在复发性 iTTP 中,利妥昔单抗显着改善了白人而非黑人患者的 RFS。种族影响 iTTP 中总体复发风险和对利妥昔单抗的反应。黑人患者在利妥昔单抗治疗后可能需要更密切的监测、更早的再治疗和替代性免疫抑制。种族、种族主义和健康的社会决定因素如何导致 iTTP 复发风险的差异值得进一步研究。
更新日期:2022-07-07
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