Gastric emptying (GE) is the process of food being processed by the stomach and delivered to the small intestine where nutrients such as lipids are absorbed into the blood circulation. The combination of an easy and inexpensive method to measure GE such as the CO₂ breath test using the stable isotope [¹³C]octanoic acid with semi-mechanistic modeling could foster a wider application in nutritional studies to further understand the metabolic response to food. Here, we discuss the use of the [¹³C]octanoic acid breath test to label the solid phase of a meal, and the factors that influence GE to support mechanistic studies. Furthermore, we give an overview of existing mathematical models for the interpretation of the breath test data and how much nutritional studies could benefit from a physiological based pharmacokinetic model approach.

中文翻译：

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用于定量胃排空的 [13C] 辛酸呼气试验：关注营养和建模

胃排空 (GE) 是食物被胃处理并输送到小肠的过程，在那里，脂质等营养物质被吸收到血液循环中。使用稳定同位素 [ ¹³ C] 辛酸与半机械模型的 CO ₂呼气测试等简单且廉价的 GE 测量方法相结合，可以促进在营养研究中的更广泛应用，以进一步了解对食物的代谢反应。在这里，我们讨论使用 [ ¹³C]辛酸呼气测试以标记膳食的固相，以及影响 GE 的因素以支持机制研究。此外，我们概述了用于解释呼气测试数据的现有数学模型，以及营养研究可以从基于生理的药代动力学模型方法中受益多少。