Abstract

Background

Suicide continues to be one of the leading causes of death in the United States and lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals are disproportionately at risk of suicide in comparison to heterosexuals.

Methods

We examined data from adults participating for five waves (2015–2019) of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health. We first determined whether there is differential risk of suicidal thoughts, suicide plans, and suicide attempts (self-injurious thoughts and behaviors [SITBs]) in the past year according to current sexual orientation. We then estimated linear trends in prevalence of each SITB outcome stratified by each sexual orientation category.

Results

We estimate that compared to heterosexual men and women, gay and bisexual men and lesbian and bisexual women are at greater odds of past-year suicidal thoughts, suicide plans, and suicide attempts, respective to their sexes. Between 2015 and 2019, suicidal thoughts increased among bisexual men (by 34.3%, p = 0.037), lesbian women (by 18.4%, p = 0.033), and bisexual women (by 15.7%, p < 0.001). Prevalence of suicide plans increased among heterosexual men (by 15.3%, p = 0.017), gay men (by 28.5%, p = 0.037), and bisexual women (by 23.2%, p < 0.001). Suicide attempts increased among bisexual women by 26.6% (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Sexual minority identity is a risk factor for SITBs. Bisexual women in particular are not only at greater risk for SITBs, but estimated prevalence has increased in recent years. More attention needs to be paid to LGB populations regarding future suicide prevention efforts.

中文翻译：

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2015-2019 年美国成年人自残想法和行为的趋势：根据性取向的不同风险

摘要

背景

自杀仍然是美国的主要原因之一，与异性恋者相比，女同性恋、男同性恋和双性恋 (LGB) 个体的自杀风险不成比例。

方法

我们检查了参与五轮（2015-2019 年）国家药物使用和健康调查的成年人的数据。我们首先根据当前的性取向确定过去一年中自杀想法、自杀计划和自杀企图（自残想法和行为[SITB]）是否存在差异风险。然后，我们估计了按每个性取向类别分层的每种 SITB 结果的患病率线性趋势。

结果

我们估计，与异性恋男性和女性相比，男同性恋和双性恋男性以及女同性恋和双性恋女性在过去一年中出现自杀念头、自杀计划和自杀企图的可能性更大。2015 年至 2019 年间，双性恋男性（增加 34.3%，p  = 0.037）、女同性恋（增加 18.4%，p  = 0.033）和双性恋女性（增加 15.7%，p < 0.001）的自杀念头有所增加。异性恋男性（增加 15.3%， p = 0.017）、男同性恋（增加 28.5%，p  = 0.037）和双性恋女性（增加 23.2%，p  < 0.001）的自杀计划发生率有所增加。双性恋女性的自杀企图增加了 26.6% ( p  < 0.001)。

结论

性少数群体身份是 SITB 的一个危险因素。尤其是双性恋女性，不仅患 SITB 的风险更大，而且近年来估计患病率有所增加。未来的自杀预防工作需要更多地关注 LGB 人群。