Assessing animal behaviour is essential for understanding their relationship with the environment and assisting in the management and conservation of species in natural habitats, especially those that present large range distribution and occupy very dynamic environments. The Chilean Flamingo (Phoenicopterus chilensis, Aves: Phoenicopteridae) breeds in the temperate regions of South America, going from Ecuador to the south of Argentina, but moves to regions on the southern coast of Brazil and Uruguay during the non-breeding season. To understand activity patterns and behavioural variations on wild Chilean Flamingos in Brazil, we carried out monthly field trips to the Lagoa do Peixe National Park, on the middle coast of Rio Grande do Sul state, between May and November 2019, totalling 99.8 total hours of observation. Forty-one different behaviours were detected, divided into six categories: Feeding, Locomotion, Resting, Preening, Social Agonist and Social Non-Agonist. A significant variation in frequency, total duration and mean duration was detected for the behavioural categories over the months, mainly in the social categories, possibly indicating a strong influence of climatic aspects, such as temperature, rainfall and wind, but also of population aspects, such as flock density and stage of the reproductive cycle, in the behaviours observed in the lagoon. We also detected a variation in behavioural richness and active behaviours among the months, indicating that contranuptial areas like Lagoa do Peixe can be used for more than only feeding and resting.

中文翻译：

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巴西南部野生智利火烈鸟 (Phoenicopterus chilensis) 种群活动预算的年内变化

评估动物行为对于了解它们与环境的关系以及协助管理和保护自然栖息地中的物种至关重要，特别是那些呈现大范围分布并占据非常动态环境的物种。智利火烈鸟 ( Phoenicopterus chilensis ), Aves: Phoenicopteridae) 在南美洲的温带地区繁殖，从厄瓜多尔到阿根廷南部，但在非繁殖季节转移到巴西南部海岸和乌拉圭的地区。为了了解巴西野生智利火烈鸟的活动模式和行为变化，我们在 2019 年 5 月至 2019 年 11 月期间每月到南里奥格兰德州中海岸的 Lagoa do Peixe 国家公园进行实地考察，总计 99.8 小时观察。检测到 41 种不同的行为，分为六类：进食、运动、休息、整理、社交激动剂和社交非激动剂。几个月来，行为类别的频率、总持续时间和平均持续时间存在显着变化，主要是在社会类别中，可能表明气候因素（如温度、降雨量和风）以及人口因素（如鸡群密度和繁殖周期阶段）对泻湖中观察到的行为有很大影响。我们还检测到几个月之间行为丰富度和活跃行为的变化，表明像 Lagoa do Peixe 这样的同业区域不仅可以用于喂食和休息。