When focusing on the largest copper oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace in China, the problems of uneven melt stirring and gas flow coalescence were studied. An unsymmetric blown was proposed by changing the ratio of gas flow rate and the lance diameter to investigate its effect on gas–matte–slag distribution, velocity distribution, and wall shear stress. The gas coalescence was inhibited by modifying the gas ratio (γ) of lances. At γ = 1.2:0.8, the gas inhibition is more obvious than that at γ = 1.1:0.9; average melt velocity (v_a) in stirring region increased by 11.44%, relative standard deviation (RSD) of melt velocity decreased by 10.82%, and slag content in matte layer decreased. Controlled injection volume ratio causes reduced stress at the edges of the furnace. Changing the diameter ratio of lances to b = 1.1:0.9 showed a 56.71% rise in v_a and a 16.27% reduction in RSD, imparting enhanced uniformity in the melt stirring. Therefore, the unsymmetric injection can suppress gas flow and improve the stirring uniformity.

Graphical Abstract

中文翻译：

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非对称注气底吹炼铜炉的CFD研究

以国内最大的铜富氧底吹炉为研究对象，研究了熔体搅拌不均匀和气流聚结问题。通过改变气体流速和喷枪直径的比例，提出了一种非对称吹气，以研究其对气-锍-渣分布、速度分布和壁面剪切应力的影响。通过改变喷枪的气体比例（γ ）来抑制气体聚结。γ =1.2:0.8时 ，气体抑制比γ  =1.1:0.9时更明显；平均熔体速度 ( v _a）在搅拌区增加了11.44%，熔体速度的相对标准偏差（RSD）降低了10.82%，雾层中的渣含量降低了。受控的注射体积比会降低炉子边缘的应力。将喷枪的直径比更改为b  = 1.1:0.9 表明v _a增加了 56.71% ，RSD 减少了 16.27%，从而提高了熔体搅拌的均匀性。因此，非对称喷射可以抑制气流，提高搅拌均匀性。

图形概要