Welfare workers volunteering with the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (JDC), a Jewish welfare organization, delivered crucial legal assistance to Holocaust survivors gathered in displaced persons (DP) camps in the American Zone of occupied Germany; however, today their story is largely forgotten. Their legal aid program embodied a unique relationship between social work and law. JDC relief workers developed a legal consciousness in response to the many injustices they witnessed in the DP camps, which allowed them to identify the gap between the basic support provided by relief programs, and the actual needs of the DPs. From this awareness they gradually developed a program of legal welfare, assisted Jews in their daily interactions with Americans and Germans, provided them with legal instruction and education, and protected them when conflicts arose. These JDC volunteers were fueled by a sense of moral responsibility and compassion for the Jewish DPs, who were forced to live in a foreign and often hostile environment. Remarkably, this story has largely been neglected in Holocaust scholarship, though the archives have yielded hundreds of reports by JDC welfare workers, as well as the papers of Oskar Mintzer, a key figure in the creation of the JDC’s legal aid program. The JDC was at the forefront of an unprecedented humanitarian crisis, and this aspect of its work represents a forgotten milestone in the development of a more holistic approach to refugee assistance and support. This study offers a starting point for further research in order to better understand humanitarian aid for asylum seekers, DPs, and refugees in the twenty-first century.

中文翻译：

---

日常正义：对犹太流离失所者的法律援助，德国，1945-1950

与犹太福利组织美国犹太人联合分配委员会 (JDC) 一起志愿服务的福利工作者为聚集在德国被占领德国美国区流离失所者 (DP) 营地的大屠杀幸存者提供了重要的法律援助；然而，今天他们的故事在很大程度上被遗忘了。他们的法律援助计划体现了社会工作与法律之间的独特关系。JDC 救援人员针对他们在难民营中目睹的许多不公正现象培养了法律意识，这使他们能够识别救济项目提供的基本支持与难民的实际需求之间的差距。从这种意识开始，他们逐渐制定了法律福利计划，帮助犹太人与美国人和德国人进行日常互动，为他们提供法律指导和教育，并在发生冲突时保护他们。这些 JDC 志愿者受到道德责任感和对犹太难民的同情心的推动，他们被迫生活在外国且往往充满敌意的环境中。值得注意的是，这个故事在大屠杀学术研究中基本上被忽视了，尽管档案已经产生了数百份 JDC 福利工作者的报告，以及创建 JDC 法律援助计划的关键人物 Oskar Mintzer 的论文。JDC 处于前所未有的人道主义危机的最前沿，其工作的这方面代表了一个被遗忘的里程碑，在制定更全面的难民援助和支持方法的过程中。本研究为进一步研究提供了一个起点，以便更好地了解 21 世纪对寻求庇护者、流离失所者和难民的人道主义援助。