Abstract: As a major life transition characterized by changes in social, behavioral, and psychological domains, retirement is associated with numerous risk factors that can contribute to the development of depression in later life. Understanding how these risk factors intersect with overall health and functioning can inform opportunities for mental health promotion during this transition. The objective of this review is to summarize the literature on risk and protective factors for depression during retirement transitions, discuss challenges related to appropriate management of depression in later life, and describe opportunities for prevention and intervention for depression relating to retirement transitions, both within and beyond the health care system. Key implications from this review are that 1) the relationship between depression and retirement is multifaceted; 2) while depression is a common health condition among older adults, this syndrome should not be considered a normative part of aging or of retirement specifically; 3) the existing mental health specialty workforce is insufficient to meet the depression management needs of the aging population, and 4) therefore, there is a need for interprofessional and multidisciplinary intervention efforts for preventing and managing depression among older adults. In sum, both healthcare providers, public health practitioners, and community organizations have meaningful opportunities for promoting the mental health of older adults during such major life transitions.

Keywords: aging, older adults, workforce, mental health, employment, epidemiology


中文翻译：

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聚焦退休后抑郁症的挑战和干预机会


摘要：作为一个以社会、行为和心理领域变化为特征的重大人生转变，退休与许多可能导致晚年抑郁症发展的危险因素相关。了解这些风险因素如何与整体健康和功能相交叉，可以为这一转变期间促进心理健康提供机会。本综述的目的是总结有关退休过渡期间抑郁症风险和保护因素的文献，讨论与晚年抑郁症适当管理相关的挑战，并描述与退休过渡相关的抑郁症预防和干预的机会，无论是在退休过渡期间还是在退休过渡期间。超出医疗保健系统。本次审查的主要含义是：1）抑郁症与退休之间的关系是多方面的； 2) 虽然抑郁症是老年人的常见健康状况，但这种综合症不应被视为衰老或退休的正常现象； 3）现有的心理健康专业队伍不足以满足老龄化人口的抑郁症管理需求，4）因此，需要跨专业和多学科的干预措施来预防和管理老年人的抑郁症。总之，医疗保健提供者、公共卫生从业者和社区组织都有有意义的机会来促进老年人在重大人生转变期间的心理健康。


关键词：老龄化、老年人、劳动力、心理健康、就业、流行病学