Given the often disappointing results of pharmacotherapy, many patients with chronic pain seek to modify their lifestyle. Some lifestyle factors, such as the consumption of alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, or psychostimulants, are deleterious in this context, whereas others, such as physical activity and a balanced diet, are considered beneficial, but these require substantial effort on the part of patients. In all cases, it is important to analyse lifestyle factors in patients with chronic pain, without stigmatisation, as the co-existence of pain and inappropriate behaviour can be seen as double jeopardy in patients with pain.

中文翻译：

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生活方式和慢性疼痛：双重危险？

鉴于药物治疗常常令人失望的结果，许多慢性疼痛患者寻求改变他们的生活方式。在这种情况下，一些生活方式因素，如饮酒、烟草、大麻或精神兴奋剂是有害的，而其他一些因素，如体育锻炼和均衡饮食，被认为是有益的，但这些都需要患者付出巨大的努力. 在所有情况下，重要的是分析慢性疼痛患者的生活方式因素，而不是污名化，因为疼痛和不当行为的共存可被视为疼痛患者的双重危险。