To the extent that pharmacokinetics influence the effectiveness of nonliving therapeutics, so too do cellular kinetics influence the efficacy of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) -T cell therapy. Like conventional therapeutics, CAR-T cell therapies undergo a distribution phase upon administration. Unlike other therapeutics, however, this distribution phase is followed by subsequent phases of expansion, contraction, and persistence. The magnitude and duration of these phases unequivocally influence clinical outcomes. Furthermore, the “pharmacodynamics” of CAR-T cells is truly dynamic, as cells can rapidly become exhausted and lose their therapeutic efficacy. Mathematical models are among the translational tools commonly applied to assess, characterize, and predict the complex cellular kinetics and dynamics of CAR-T cells. Here, we provide a focused review of the cellular kinetics of CAR-T cells, the mechanisms underpinning their complexity, and the mathematical modeling approaches used to interrogate them.

就药代动力学影响非生命疗法的有效性而言，细胞动力学也会影响嵌合抗原受体 (CAR) -T 细胞疗法的功效。与传统疗法一样，CAR-T 细胞疗法在给药后也会经历分配阶段。然而，与其他疗法不同的是，该分布阶段之后是后续的扩张、收缩和持续阶段。这些阶段的程度和持续时间明确影响临床结果。此外，CAR-T 细胞的“药效学”确实是动态的，因为细胞会迅速耗尽并失去治疗功效。数学模型是常用于评估、表征和预测 CAR-T 细胞复杂的细胞动力学和动力学的转化工具之一。在这里，我们重点回顾了 CAR-T 细胞的细胞动力学、支撑其复杂性的机制以及用于研究它们的数学建模方法。