Hypertension is an immense challenge in public health. As one of the most prevalent medical conditions worldwide, it is a major cause of premature death. At present, the detection, diagnosis and monitoring of hypertension are subject to several limitations. In this review, we conducted a literature search on blood pressure measurement using only a smartphone, which has the potential to overcome current limitations and thus pave the way for long-term ambulatory blood pressure monitoring on a large scale. Among the 333 articles identified, we included 25 relevant articles over the past decade (November 2011–November 2021) and analyzed the described approaches to the types of underlying data recorded with smartphone sensors, the signal processing techniques applied to construct the desired signals, the features extracted from the constructed signals, and the algorithms used to estimate blood pressure. In addition, we analyzed the validation of the proposed methods against reference blood pressure measurements. We further examined and compared the effectiveness of the proposed approaches. Among the 25 articles, 23 propose an approach that requires direct contact between the sensor and the subject and two articles propose a contactless approach based on facial videos. The sample sizes in the identified articles range from three to 3000 subjects, where 8 articles used sample sizes of 85 or more subjects. Furthermore, 10 articles include hypertensive subjects in their participant pools. The methodologies applied for the evaluation of blood pressure measurement accuracy vary considerably among the analyzed articles. There is no consistency regarding the methods for blood pressure data collection and the reference blood pressure measurement and validation. Moreover, no established protocol is currently available for the validation of blood pressure measuring technologies using only a smartphone. We conclude the review with a discussion of the results and with recommendations for future research on the topic.

高血压是公共卫生领域的一项巨大挑战。作为全世界最普遍的疾病之一，它是过早死亡的主要原因。目前，高血压的检测、诊断和监测受到若干限制。在这篇综述中，我们对仅使用智能手机的血压测量进行了文献检索，这有可能克服当前的限制，从而为大规模的长期动态血压监测铺平道路。在确定的 333 篇文章中，我们纳入了过去十年（2011 年 11 月至 2021 年 11 月）的 25 篇相关文章，并分析了使用智能手机传感器记录的基础数据类型的描述方法、用于构建所需信号的信号处理技术、从构建的信号中提取的特征，以及用于估计血压的算法。此外，我们针对参考血压测量分析了所提出方法的验证。我们进一步检查并比较了所提出方法的有效性。在这 25 篇文章中，23 篇提出了一种需要传感器与对象直接接触的方法，两篇文章提出了一种基于面部视频的非接触式方法。已识别文章中的样本量从 3 到 3000 名受试者不等，其中 8 篇文章使用了 85 名或更多受试者的样本量。此外，10 篇文章在其参与者库中包括高血压受试者。在所分析的文章中，用于评估血压测量准确性的方法差异很大。血压数据采集方法与参考血压测量和验证方法没有一致性。此外，目前还没有既定的协议可用于验证仅使用智能手机的血压测量技术。我们通过对结果的讨论以及对该主题的未来研究提出建议来结束审查。