The term cognitive training includes a range of techniques that hold potential for treating cognitive impairment caused by neurologic injury and disease. Our central premise is that these techniques differ in their mechanisms of action and therefore engage distinct brain regions (or neural networks). We support this premise using data from a single-blind randomized-controlled trial in which patients with mild cognitive impairment were randomized to either mnemonic strategy training (MST) or spaced retrieval training (SRT) as they learned ecologically relevant object-location associations. Both training approaches were highly effective in the short term, but MST demonstrated a clear advantage after days to weeks. MST also increased activation in and functional connectivity between frontal, temporal, and parietal regions as well as the hippocampus. In contrast, patterns of reduced activation and functional connectivity were evident following SRT. These findings support the rational development of cognitive training techniques.

中文翻译：

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轻度认知障碍患者合理使用认知训练


认知训练一词包括一系列具有治疗神经损伤和疾病引起的认知障碍潜力的技术。我们的中心前提是这些技术的作用机制不同，因此涉及不同的大脑区域（或神经网络）。我们使用单盲随机对照试验的数据支持这一前提，其中轻度认知障碍患者在学习生态相关的物体位置关联时被随机接受助记策略训练（MST）或间隔检索训练（SRT）。两种训练方法在短期内都非常有效，但 MST 在几天到几周后表现出明显的优势。 MST 还增加了额叶、颞叶、顶叶区域以及海马体的激活和功能连接。相比之下，SRT 后激活和功能连接的减少模式很明显。这些发现支持认知训练技术的合理发展。