Background

The International Code of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes is a global public health policy aiming to protect breastfeeding from the influence of human-milk substitutes marketing. Brazil is one of the few countries substantially implementing it. Most countries adopted selected provisions, including Portugal.

Research Aim

To explore whether Brazilians’ perspectives about breastfeeding intention and practice are influenced by human-milk substitutes marketing upon migration to Portugal.

Methods

A qualitative, prospective, cross-sectional survey design was conducted in Brazil and Portugal (2018–2019). Qualitative semi-structured interviews were performed with native (n = 16) and immigrant (n = 15) Brazilians. Women aged 18 or above, mothers of 0–12 month infants, and without contraindications to breastfeed, were eligible for the study. Heterogeneity sampling was employed based on socioeconomic status and infants’ age. Content analysis was conducted using NVivo.

Results

Brazilian immigrants were more aware of the potential negative influence of human-milk substitutes marketing than natives. Sociocultural factors contributed to Brazilian immigrants being less permeable to the influence of human-milk substitutes marketing in the host country, where a less protective breastfeeding environment was perceived.

Conclusions

Sociocultural factors including breastfeeding promotion strategies and a strong breastfeeding culture in the home country appear to play a protective role on breastfeeding intention and practice among Brazilians migrating to Portugal.

中文翻译：

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母乳代用品营销对巴西本土和移民母乳喂养意愿和实践的影响

背景

《国际母乳代用品营销守则》是一项全球公共卫生政策，旨在保护母乳喂养免受母乳代用品营销的影响。巴西是少数几个实质性实施它的国家之一。大多数国家通过了选定的条款，包括葡萄牙。

研究目的

探讨巴西人对母乳喂养意图和做法的看法是否受到移民到葡萄牙后母乳替代品营销的影响。

方法

在巴西和葡萄牙（2018-2019 年）进行了定性、前瞻性、横断面调查设计。对本地（ n = 16）和移民（n = 15）巴西人进行了定性半结构化访谈。18 岁或以上的女性、0-12 个月婴儿的母亲，并且没有母乳喂养的禁忌症，有资格参加这项研究。根据社会经济地位和婴儿年龄采用异质性抽样。使用 NVivo 进行内容分析。

结果

巴西移民比当地人更清楚母乳替代品营销的潜在负面影响。社会文化因素导致巴西移民不太容易受到东道国母乳替代品营销的影响，而东道国认为母乳喂养环境的保护性较差。

结论

包括母乳喂养促进策略和母国强大的母乳喂养文化在内的社会文化因素似乎对移居葡萄牙的巴西人的母乳喂养意愿和做法起到了保护作用。