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From the “Lavender Scare” to “Out and Equal”: LGBTQIA+ Diversity in the U.S. Intelligence Community
International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence ( IF 0.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-07-05 , DOI: 10.1080/08850607.2022.2060693
Bridget Rose Nolan

Abstract

Like most formal organizations in the United States, the agencies in the Intelligence Community (IC) have historically comprised white men and reflected their stories and interests. In the last few decades, however, the agencies have made efforts to diversify the workforce along multiple dimensions of inequality. In response to these initiatives, researchers—to include the agencies themselves—have sought to understand and elevate the experiences of officers who identify outside of the white and male demographics, with race, ethnicity, and gender as the primary targets of these studies. In contrast, it is only in the last few years that the agencies have made efforts to increase the visibility and sense of belonging among the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, intersex, asexual or ally, and other sexual and gender minorities (LGBTQIA+) population in the IC. LGBTQIA + intelligence officers work in a career with a particularly fraught history: it began with the so-called Lavender Scare in the 1950s—a period during which gay and lesbian government officers were considered security risks—and it was legal for them to be fired for this reason until 1995. With a short history marked by rapid change, research on this population has been relatively slow and scant to date. What do we know about the experiences of LGBTQIA + intelligence officers, and where do we go next? This article will consider these questions and explore opportunities and challenges that the structures and cultures of the IC present to the LGBTQIA + population.



中文翻译:

从“薰衣草恐慌”到“平等”:美国情报界的 LGBTQIA+ 多样性

摘要

与美国大多数正式组织一样,情报界 (IC) 的机构历来由白人组成,反映了他们的故事和兴趣。然而,在过去的几十年里,这些机构一直在努力使劳动力多样化,从而解决不平等的多个方面。作为对这些举措的回应,研究人员(包括这些机构本身)试图了解和提升那些在白人和男性人口统计之外以种族、民族和性别作为这些研究的主要目标的官员的经验。相比之下,这些机构只是在最近几年才努力提高女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋、跨性别者、酷儿或质疑者、双性人、无性恋或同盟者的知名度和归属感,以及 IC 中的其他性少数群体 (LGBTQIA+) 人群。LGBTQIA + 情报人员的职业生涯有着特别令人担忧的历史:它始于 1950 年代所谓的薰衣草恐慌——在此期间,同性恋政府官员被视为安全风险——他们被解雇是合法的出于这个原因,直到 1995 年。由于历史较短,变化迅速,对这一人群的研究相对缓慢且迄今为止很少。我们对 LGBTQIA + 情报人员的经历了解多少,下一步该去哪里?本文将考虑这些问题,并探讨 IC 的结构和文化给 LGBTQIA + 人群带来的机遇和挑战。LGBTQIA + 情报人员的职业生涯有着特别令人担忧的历史:它始于 1950 年代所谓的薰衣草恐慌——在此期间,同性恋政府官员被视为安全风险——他们被解雇是合法的出于这个原因,直到 1995 年。由于历史较短,变化迅速,对这一人群的研究相对缓慢且迄今为止很少。我们对 LGBTQIA + 情报人员的经历了解多少,下一步该去哪里?本文将考虑这些问题,并探讨 IC 的结构和文化给 LGBTQIA + 人群带来的机遇和挑战。LGBTQIA + 情报人员的职业生涯有着特别令人担忧的历史:它始于 1950 年代所谓的薰衣草恐慌——在此期间,同性恋政府官员被视为安全风险——他们被解雇是合法的出于这个原因,直到 1995 年。由于历史较短,变化迅速,对这一人群的研究相对缓慢且迄今为止很少。我们对 LGBTQIA + 情报人员的经历了解多少,下一步该去哪里?本文将考虑这些问题,并探讨 IC 的结构和文化给 LGBTQIA + 人群带来的机遇和挑战。它始于 1950 年代所谓的薰衣草恐慌——在此期间,同性恋政府官员被视为安全风险——因此直到 1995 年他们被解雇是合法的。历史短暂,变化迅速, 迄今为止,对这一人群的研究相对缓慢且很少。我们对 LGBTQIA + 情报人员的经历了解多少,下一步该去哪里?本文将考虑这些问题,并探讨 IC 的结构和文化给 LGBTQIA + 人群带来的机遇和挑战。它始于 1950 年代所谓的薰衣草恐慌——在此期间,同性恋政府官员被视为安全风险——因此直到 1995 年他们被解雇是合法的。历史短暂,变化迅速, 迄今为止,对这一人群的研究相对缓慢且很少。我们对 LGBTQIA + 情报人员的经历了解多少,下一步该去哪里?本文将考虑这些问题,并探讨 IC 的结构和文化给 LGBTQIA + 人群带来的机遇和挑战。我们接下来要去哪里?本文将考虑这些问题,并探讨 IC 的结构和文化给 LGBTQIA + 人群带来的机遇和挑战。我们接下来要去哪里?本文将考虑这些问题,并探讨 IC 的结构和文化给 LGBTQIA + 人群带来的机遇和挑战。

更新日期:2022-07-05
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