The alkaline–surfactant–polymer (ASP) enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is a promising tertiary oil recovery technique for maximizing oil production. However, strong alkaline (e.g., NaOH) or high concentration of an alkali may cause new problems, such as formation erosion, alkali deposition, and high production costs. In this study, a new EOR method was proposed by combining a traditional weak alkaline (Na₂CO₃) ASP flooding and nanotechnology. We investigated the synergistic effects of weak alkaline ASP chemicals and SiO₂ nanoparticles on the EOR through comprehensive experiments. The efficacy of the mixtures was examined using a framework including interfacial tension and wettability characterizations, flow visualization experiments of emulsion, and oil recovery tests under reservoir temperature conditions. Moreover, the effects of weak alkaline ASP chemicals and SiO₂ nanoparticles on interfacial properties and the EOR were carefully investigated by a comprehensive analysis. The experimental results show that the ASP + SiO₂ nanoparticles mixture has a greater ability to reduce the interfacial tension (IFT) between oil and water as well as their contact angle, compared with a hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM)/ASP-only solution. The ASP + SiO₂ nanoparticles mixture is better than the HPAM/ASP-only solution in profile control and displacement efficiency after water flooding. The SiO₂ NPs/ASP mixture increases the oil recovery by 6.67% of original oil in place (OOIP), compared to the ASP-only solution. In visualization flooding experiments, the ASP + SiO₂ nanoparticles mixture forms strong viscoelastic, thermodynamic, and kinetic stability of the droplets, thereby resulting in a larger sweep efficiency and better displacement efficiency by the stable blocking effects and strong scratch effect. It indicates that this new method can enhance oil recovery, have potential to reduce chemical agent cost, and avoid probable formation erosion and alkali deposition.

中文翻译：

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弱碱-表面活性剂-聚合物和SiO2纳米颗粒驱提高稠油采收率的协同效应

碱性表面活性剂聚合物 (ASP) 提高采收率 (EOR) 是一种有前途的三次采油技术，可最大限度地提高石油产量。然而，强碱（例如NaOH）或高浓度的碱可能会导致新的问题，例如地层侵蚀、碱沉积和高生产成本。本研究结合传统弱碱性（Na ₂ CO ₃）三元复合驱和纳米技术提出了一种新的提高采收率方法。我们研究了弱碱性 ASP 化学品和 SiO _{2的协同效应}通过综合实验，提高 EOR 上的纳米颗粒。使用包括界面张力和润湿性表征、乳液的流动可视化实验以及储层温度条件下的采油测试的框架来检查混合物的功效。此外，通过综合分析仔细研究了弱碱性ASP化学品和SiO _{2纳米颗粒对界面性质和EOR的影响。}实验结果表明，与仅水解聚丙烯酰胺 (HPAM)/ASP 的溶液相比，ASP + SiO ₂纳米粒子混合物具有更大的降低油和水之间的界面张力 (IFT) 以及它们的接触角的能力。ASP + SiO ₂纳米颗粒混合物在注水后的调剖和驱替效率方面优于仅 HPAM/ASP 的解决方案。与仅使用 ASP 的解决方案相比，SiO _{2 NPs/ASP 混合物将石油采收率提高了原始石油 (OOIP) 的 6.67%。}在可视化驱实验中，ASP + SiO ₂纳米颗粒混合物形成了液滴的强粘弹性、热力学和动力学稳定性，从而通过稳定的阻塞效应和强烈的划痕效应产生更大的波及效率和更好的驱替效率。这表明这种新方法可以提高采收率，有可能降低化学药剂成本，避免可能的地层侵蚀和碱沉积。