Current clinical practice in cancer diagnostics and therapeutics typically involves invasive, costly and time-consuming procedures, bringing about an urgent need for novel approaches to targeted diagnosis and treatment. Nanotechnology has enabled the realization of a new class of nanophotonic materials with versatile optical properties, which are tunable based on chemical composition, geometry or composite assembly. The unprecedented control of nanoscale light enabled by nanophotonic materials renders them highly suitable candidates for all-optical, label-free and noninvasive cancer diagnostics and therapeutics, which are widely accessible and translatable to the clinic. This review highlights recent advancements in the area of nanophotonic materials for cancer-related applications with a focus on black phosphorous, gold nanoparticles, nanophotonic surfaces, and their combination with microfluidics.

目前癌症诊断和治疗的临床实践通常涉及侵入性、昂贵和耗时的程序，迫切需要新的靶向诊断和治疗方法。纳米技术使一类新型纳米光子材料的实现成为可能，该材料具有多种光学特性，可根据化学成分、几何形状或复合组装进行调节。纳米光子材料对纳米级光的前所未有的控制使其非常适合用于全光学、无标记和非侵入性癌症诊断和治疗的候选者，这些诊断和治疗可广泛应用于临床。这篇综述重点介绍了用于癌症相关应用的纳米光子材料领域的最新进展，重点是黑磷、金纳米颗粒、