On the cover: Lymphocyte depletion is a current pillar of induction immunosuppression protocols, administered to rapidly and aggressively control the cellular response to the new allograft, thereby reducing the incidence and severity of early acute rejection. In this issue, two articles highlight cross-talk between T and B cell populations after lymphodepletion that may compromise the longterm efficacy of this strategy. Using a mouse model of kidney transplantation, Gassen et al. (page 1766) show that rabbit anti-mouse thymocyte globulin (ATG) enhances the humoral allo-immune response. ATG administration increased the percentage of T follicular helper cells, donor specific antibody titers, microvascular inflammation, and C4d staining of the peri-tubular capillaries in the kidney allografts. Using a mouse model of heart transplantation, Hasgur et al. (page 1779) show that ATG treatment upregulated the expression of a pattern recognition receptor on B cells that is necessary and sufficient for the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines that facilitates rapid homeostatic T cell reconstitution. Perhaps an underlying message from both papers is that adequate exposure to maintenance immunosuppressive agents early after lymphodepletion may be important to mitigate these downstream events.

中文翻译：

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美国移植杂志：第 22 卷第 7 期，2022 年 7 月

在封面：淋巴细胞耗竭是诱导免疫抑制方案的当前支柱，用于快速和积极地控制细胞对新同种异体移植物的反应，从而降低早期急性排斥反应的发生率和严重程度。在本期中，两篇文章强调了淋巴清除后 T 细胞群和 B 细胞群之间的串扰，这可能会损害该策略的长期疗效。Gassen 等人使用肾移植小鼠模型。（第 1766 页）表明兔抗小鼠胸腺细胞球蛋白 (ATG) 可增强体液同种免疫反应。ATG 给药增加了 T 滤泡辅助细胞的百分比、供体特异性抗体滴度、微血管炎症和同种异体肾移植物中肾小管周围毛细血管的 C4d 染色。Hasgur 等人使用心脏移植的小鼠模型。（第 1779 页）表明 ATG 治疗上调了 B 细胞上模式识别受体的表达，这对于促进快速稳态 T 细胞重建的促炎细胞因子的产生是必要和充分的。或许这两篇论文的一个潜在信息是，在淋巴清除后早期充分暴露于维持性免疫抑制剂可能对减轻这些下游事件很重要。