The uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) of rocks is an essential input parameter for engineering design in mining and civil engineering. This research aimed to investigate the relationship between nano-mechanical properties and macroscopic mechanical properties that result from microstructural constituents of rock materials. Grid nanoindentation technique was applied to a small sample volume to measure nano-mechanical properties such as hardness (Hi) and elastic modulus (Ei) of bulk and major mineral constituents of granite and carbonate rocks. The material Hi and Ei were compared to UCS of the rocks and related to their mineral composition and microstructure, which were detected by X-ray diffraction and petrographic thin sections analysis, respectively. The results show that the mean UCS of the investigated materials correlates well with bulk and major mineral hardness and elastic modulus, with granite showing the highest values, followed by limestone and dolomitic marble. The potential correlations between the UCS and Hi and Ei were investigated using simple regression and multiple linear regression analysis. Except for the weak correlations obtained from dolomitic marble (UCS-Ei), the results show noteworthy correlations between UCS-Hi and UCS-Ei with R² ranging from 81.5 to 97.5% along with good statistical indices (RMSE and VAF), the best correlation being obtained using MLR. Due to constraints associated with the assessment of standard specimens for compression tests as well as existing indirect methods of determining UCS, the indentation test could be considered a potential means to estimate the UCS from pieces of rock for proper design in mining and civil engineering projects.

岩石的单轴抗压强度（UCS）是采矿和土木工程工程设计的重要输入参数。本研究旨在研究由岩石材料的微观结构成分引起的纳米力学性能与宏观力学性能之间的关系。将网格纳米压痕技术应用于小样品体积，以测量花岗岩和碳酸盐岩的块状和主要矿物成分的硬度 (Hi) 和弹性模量 (Ei) 等纳米力学性质。材料 Hi 和 Ei 与岩石的 UCS 进行了比较，并与它们的矿物组成和微观结构有关，分别通过 X 射线衍射和岩相薄片分析检测。结果表明，所研究材料的平均 UCS 与体积和主要矿物硬度和弹性模量密切相关，花岗岩的值最高，其次是石灰石和白云质大理石。使用简单回归和多元线性回归分析研究了 UCS 与 Hi 和 Ei 之间的潜在相关性。除了从白云质大理岩 (UCS-Ei) 获得的弱相关性外，结果显示 UCS-Hi 和 UCS-Ei 之间存在显着的相关性R ²范围从 81.5 到 97.5% 以及良好的统计指数（RMSE 和 VAF），使用 MLR 获得了最佳相关性。由于与压缩试验标准试样的评估相关的限制以及现有的确定 UCS 的间接方法，压痕试验可以被认为是从岩石块估计 UCS 的潜在方法，以便在采矿和土木工程项目中进行适当的设计。