Abstract

The choice to withhold subjective distress reflects a multifactorial decision highly sensitive to context. Unfortunately, existing measures are built on unidimensional models (i.e., concealment-disclosure as a single, bipolar dimension) and operationalize the construct as a stable trait. In this article, we outline the development and initial validation of a self-report inventory that accounts for problem-context and assesses multiple processes central to both the concealment and disclosure of emotional distress. Exploratory analysis of pilot items in Study 1 (male student sample; N = 373) guided subsequent item development and revisions to our conceptual model. In Study 2 (mixed-gender community sample; N = 297), we refined the item-pool based on additional tests of latent scale structure and associations with concurrent criteria. In a final validation sample (Study 3; international community participants; N = 978), confirmatory factor analyses corroborated our hypothesized three-factor model (Privacy Management, Disclosure Desire, and Social Fear) and supported measurement invariance by sex. The three Contexts of Concealment Scales (CCS) were internally consistent and associated in expected directions with external indices of concurrent concealment, disclosure, depression, anxiety, loneliness, experiential avoidance, and self-stigma.

摘要

拒绝主观痛苦的选择反映了对环境高度敏感的多因素决定。不幸的是，现有的措施是建立在一维模型（即，隐藏-披露作为一个单一的双极维度）并将构造作为一个稳定的特征来操作的。在这篇文章中，我们概述了自我报告清单的开发和初步验证，该清单说明了问题背景并评估了对隐藏和披露情绪困扰至关重要的多个过程。研究 1（男学生样本；N  = 373）中试点项目的探索性分析指导了后续项目的开发和对我们概念模型的修订。在研究 2 中（混合性别社区样本；N = 297)，我们根据对潜在规模结构和与并发标准的关联的额外测试改进了项目池。在最终验证样本（研究 3；国际社会参与者；N  = 978）中，验证性因素分析证实了我们假设的三因素模型（隐私管理、披露意愿和社会恐惧）并支持按性别划分的测量不变性。隐藏量表 (CCS) 的三个情境在内部是一致的，并且在预期方向上与并发隐藏、披露、抑郁、焦虑、孤独、经验回避和自我耻辱的外部指标相关联。