The impacts of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on food systems, poverty, and nutrition have been caused by generalized economic recession and disruptions in agrifood supply chains. This article reviews a growing empirical literature assessing those impacts. The review confirms that income shocks and supply disruptions have affected food security and livelihoods more where supply chains were poorly integrated and poverty where market informality had a greater presence before COVID-19. Yet, as the pandemic persists, outcomes remain uncertain and reliable data are still sparsely available. This review also reveals how methodological approaches have evolved during the pandemic, ranging from model-based scenario analyses, telephone survey evidence, case-study analyses, and data collection on policy responses and their effects. This review concludes that while we have good insight into the COVID-19 pandemic's impacts on food security, there is still much that we do not know, requiring much more rigorous hypothesis testing based on reliable and observed data.

中文翻译：

---

COVID-19 与全球贫困和粮食安全


2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 对粮食系统、贫困和营养的影响是由普遍的经济衰退和农产品供应链中断造成的。本文回顾了越来越多评估这些影响的实证文献。审查确认，收入冲击和供应中断对供应链整合不良的地区的粮食安全和生计的影响更大，而在 COVID-19 之前，市场非正规性较多的地区则对贫困的影响更大。然而，随着大流行的持续，结果仍然不确定，可靠的数据仍然很少。这篇综述还揭示了大流行期间方法论的演变，包括基于模型的情景分析、电话调查证据、案例研究分析以及政策反应及其影响的数据收集。本次审查的结论是，虽然我们对 COVID-19 大流行对粮食安全的影响有了深入的了解，但仍有很多事情我们不知道，需要基于可靠和观察到的数据进行更严格的假设检验。