Craving (a strong desire to ingest a substance or engage in an activity) is an important topic of study in the field of psychology. Along with being a key symptom of addiction, craving is a potent source of motivation for a wide range of appetitive behaviors. In this article, I offer a perspective regarding the nature of craving that is rooted in the theory of constructed emotion, a contemporary model of how emotions are created by the brain. According to this perspective, a state of craving emerges when the brain makes predictions that categorize sensory inputs as an instance of craving on the basis of prior experience and the context in which the inputs occur. Using the theory of constructed emotion as a guiding framework, I review various lines of evidence that provide support for this idea. In addition, I offer recommendations for future research that stem from the hypothesis that instances of craving are constructed by the brain in an experience-dependent and situation-specific manner.

渴望（摄取某种物质或从事某种活动的强烈愿望）是心理学领域的一个重要研究课题。除了作为成瘾的一个关键症状外，渴望是各种食欲行为的强大动力来源。在这篇文章中，我提供了一个关于渴望本质的观点，这种观点植根于情绪建构理论，这是一种关于大脑如何创造情绪的当代模型。根据这个观点，当大脑根据先前的经验和输入发生的环境做出预测，将感觉输入归类为渴望的实例时，就会出现渴望状态。以建构情绪理论为指导框架，我回顾了支持这一观点的各种证据。此外，