In this paper, based on a similar theory, the model test of shotcrete surface support is carried out concerning the traditional soil nail wall. By testing a slope with a vertical excavation depth of 1 m and a slope ratio of 1:0.4, the damage mechanism of soil nail wall and unsupported slope during excavation and loading is analyzed and compared. The test results show that: compared with the unsupported slope, the soil nail wall can limit the horizontal displacement of the slope, enhance the ability of internal stress adjustment, and effectively strengthen the lower support capacity of the pit; the axial force of the soil nail develops gradually from the two ends of the soil nail to the middle, and its strength increases with the increase of excavation depth and load; the damage of the soil nail wall is in the form of gradual plastic damage, and its slip cracking surface is closer to the end of the soil nail and develops deeper and farther than the unsupported slope; and the soil nail wall has greater bearing capacity than the unsupported slope and is more widely used in the project.

本文基于类似的理论，对传统土钉墙进行了喷射混凝土面支护的模型试验。通过竖向开挖深度为1 m、坡度比为1:0.4的边坡试验，分析比较了土钉墙和无支护边坡在开挖加载过程中的破坏机理。试验结果表明：与无支护边坡相比，土钉墙可以限制边坡水平位移，增强内应力调节能力，有效增强基坑下部支护能力；土钉的轴向力从土钉的两端向中间逐渐发展，其强度随着开挖深度和荷载的增加而增加；土钉壁的破坏是逐渐塑性破坏的形式，其滑裂面更靠近土钉末端，比无支撑边坡更深、更远；土钉墙比无支撑边坡承载力大，在工程中应用更广泛。