OBJECTIVE Engagement in mental health treatment is low, which can lead to poor outcomes. We evaluated the efficacy of offering patients financial incentives to increase their mental health treatment engagement, also referred to as contingency management. METHOD We meta-analyzed studies offering financial incentives for mental health treatment engagement, including increasing treatment attendance, medication adherence, and treatment goal completion. Analyses were run within a multilevel framework. All study designs were included, and sensitivity analyses were run including only randomized and high-quality studies. RESULTS About 80% of interventions incentivized treatment for substance use disorders. Financial incentives significantly increased treatment attendance (Hedges' g = 0.49, [0.33, 0.64], k = 30, I2 = 83.14), medication adherence (Hedges' g = 0.95, [0.47, 1.44], k = 6, I2 = 87.73), and treatment goal completion (Hedges' g = 0.61, [0.22, 0.99], k = 5, I2 = 60.55), including completing homework, signing treatment plans, and reducing problematic behavior. CONCLUSIONS Financial incentives increase treatment engagement with medium to large effect sizes. We provide strong evidence for their effectiveness in increasing substance use treatment engagement and preliminary evidence for their effectiveness in increasing treatment engagement for other mental health disorders. Future research should prioritize testing the efficacy of incentivizing treatment engagement for mental health disorders aside from substance use. Research must also identify ways to incentivize treatment engagement that improve functioning and long-term outcomes and address ethical and systemic barriers to implementing these interventions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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经济激励是否会增加心理健康治疗的参与度？荟萃分析。


目标 心理健康治疗的参与度较低，这可能导致不良结果。我们评估了为患者提供经济激励以增加他们的心理健康治疗参与度的效果，也称为应急管理。方法 我们对为心理健康治疗参与提供经济激励的研究进行了荟萃分析，包括提高治疗出勤率、药物依从性和治疗目标完成率。分析是在多层次框架内进行的。包括所有研究设计，并进行敏感性分析，仅包括随机和高质量的研究。结果 大约 80% 的干预措施鼓励药物滥用障碍的治疗。经济激励显着提高了治疗就诊率 (Hedges' g = 0.49, [0.33, 0.64], k = 30, I2 = 83.14) 和药物依从性 (Hedges' g = 0.95, [0.47, 1.44], k = 6, I2 = 87.73 ）和治疗目标完成情况（Hedges' g = 0.61, [0.22, 0.99], k = 5, I2 = 60.55），包括完成作业、签署治疗计划和减少问题行为。结论 经济激励措施可提高治疗参与度，并产生中等到大的效果。我们提供了强有力的证据证明它们在增加药物使用治疗参与度方面的有效性，并提供了初步证据证明它们在增加其他精神健康障碍的治疗参与度方面的有效性。未来的研究应该优先测试除物质使用之外激励治疗心理健康障碍的功效。研究还必须找到激励治疗参与的方法，以改善功能和长期结果，并解决实施这些干预措施的道德和系统障碍。 （PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2022 APA，保留所有权利）。