In 2010, the American Heart Association defined a novel construct of cardiovascular health to promote a paradigm shift from a focus solely on disease treatment to one inclusive of positive health promotion and preservation across the life course in populations and individuals. Extensive subsequent evidence has provided insights into strengths and limitations of the original approach to defining and quantifying cardiovascular health. In response, the American Heart Association convened a writing group to recommend enhancements and updates. The definition and quantification of each of the original metrics (Life’s Simple 7) were evaluated for responsiveness to interindividual variation and intraindividual change. New metrics were considered, and the age spectrum was expanded to include the entire life course. The foundational contexts of social determinants of health and psychological health were addressed as crucial factors in optimizing and preserving cardiovascular health. This presidential advisory introduces an enhanced approach to assessing cardiovascular health: Life’s Essential 8. The components of Life’s Essential 8 include diet (updated), physical activity, nicotine exposure (updated), sleep health (new), body mass index, blood lipids (updated), blood glucose (updated), and blood pressure. Each metric has a new scoring algorithm ranging from 0 to 100 points, allowing generation of a new composite cardiovascular health score (the unweighted average of all components) that also varies from 0 to 100 points. Methods for implementing cardiovascular health assessment and longitudinal monitoring are discussed, as are potential data sources and tools to promote widespread adoption in policy, public health, clinical, institutional, and community settings.

中文翻译：

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生命的本质 8：更新和加强美国心脏协会的心血管健康构建：美国心脏协会的总统建议

2010年，美国心脏协会定义了一种新的心血管健康概念，以促进从仅仅关注疾病治疗转向在人群和个人的整个生命过程中积极促进和维护健康的范式转变。大量的后续证据提供了对定义和量化心血管健康的原始方法的优点和局限性的见解。作为回应，美国心脏协会召集了一个写作小组来建议改进和更新。每个原始指标（Life's Simple 7）的定义和量化都经过评估，以评估对个体差异和个体内部变化的响应能力。考虑了新的指标，并将年龄范围扩大到包括整个生命历程。健康和心理健康的社会决定因素的基本背景被视为优化和维护心血管健康的关键因素。此总统建议介绍了评估心血管健康的增强方法：Life's Essential 8。Life's Essential 8 的组成部分包括饮食（更新）、体力活动、尼古丁暴露（更新）、睡眠健康（新）、体重指数、血脂（更新）、血糖（更新）和血压。每个指标都有一个新的评分算法，范围从 0 到 100 分，允许生成新的复合心血管健康评分（所有组成部分的未加权平均值），其范围也在 0 到 100 分之间。讨论了实施心血管健康评估和纵向监测的方法，以及促进在政策、公共卫生、临床、机构和社区环境中广泛采用的潜在数据源和工具。